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  3. Isolated Unilateral Temporalis Muscle Hypertrophy: Comprehensive Literature Review.
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  3. Isolated Unilateral Temporalis Muscle Hypertrophy: Comprehensive Literature Review.

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Isolated Unilateral Temporalis Muscle Hypertrophy: Comprehensive Literature Review.

Ruba Mshref1,2, Ahmad Alkheder1,3,4, Nasser Alia1,2

  • 1Faculty of Medicine, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria.

Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal
|May 17, 2025

View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Isolated unilateral temporalis muscle hypertrophy (IUTMH) is rare. Botulinum toxin type A (Btx A) offers effective symptom relief and muscle reduction, supporting its role as a primary treatment for this condition.

Keywords:
IUTMHclinical findingsisolated unilateral temporalis muscle hypertrophyoutcomesreviewtreatment

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Plastic Surgery
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Isolated unilateral temporalis muscle hypertrophy (IUTMH) is an uncommon condition with limited reported cases.
  • Understanding its diagnosis and management is crucial for patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To expand the understanding of IUTMH diagnosis, management, and outcomes.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of Botulinum toxin type A (Btx A) in treating IUTMH.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a 44-year-old woman with IUTMH.
  • Literature review of 16 previously reported cases.
  • Diagnostic imaging (CT, ultrasonography) and clinical examination.
  • Treatment with Botulinum toxin type A (Btx A).

Main Results:

  • The patient presented with progressive left temporal swelling and masticatory pain.
  • Imaging confirmed isolated temporalis muscle hypertrophy.
  • Btx A treatment resulted in symptom improvement and partial muscle reduction.
  • Literature review showed a female predominance and variable presentations.
  • Btx A was effective in 6/16 cases, with lower doses showing comparable efficacy to higher doses.
  • Surgical intervention was effective but associated with recurrence in one case.

Conclusions:

  • Btx A is a viable primary therapeutic option for IUTMH.
  • Individualized management is essential for optimal outcomes.
  • Further research is needed to understand pathogenesis and optimize treatment protocols.