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Engineering Circular Dichroism in the Nonlinear Optical Region with a Refractory Plasmonic Molybdenum Metasurface.
Peng Yu1,2, Tianji Liu3,4, Yuxuan Zhu1,2
1Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China.
ACS Nano
|May 17, 2025
Summary
This study introduces a robust molybdenum metasurface with strong chiroptical effects and tunable circular dichroism (CD) under extreme conditions. It enables advanced applications like a circularly polarized light limiter.
Area of Science:
- Plasmonics
- Metasurfaces
- Chiroptics
Background:
- Chiral plasmonic metasurfaces are crucial for chiroptics but have fixed CD values and poor photothermal stability.
- Conventional metasurfaces struggle with nonlinear optical properties due to instability.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a refractory chiral plasmonic metasurface with enhanced stability and tunable nonlinear optical properties.
- To explore intensity-dependent circular dichroism (CD) and nonlinear optical effects.
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of a refractory plasmonic molybdenum (Mo) metasurface.
- Characterization of chiroptical effects under extreme temperatures (up to 1100 °C) and high laser intensities (>12 GW/cm²).
- Investigation of nonlinear optical phenomena including chiral saturated absorption and chiral reverse saturable absorption.
Main Results:
- The Mo metasurface maintains strong chiroptical effects under extreme conditions.
- Achieved intensity-dependent tunable CD in the nonlinear optical region.
- Demonstrated giant third-harmonic generation and a proof-of-concept circularly polarized light limiter.
Conclusions:
- Refractory chiral Mo metasurfaces offer unprecedented stability and tunable nonlinear chiroptical responses.
- These metasurfaces pave the way for advanced optical devices operating under harsh conditions.
