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Vibrio mimicus digests intestinal peritrophin-44 and disrupts hemolymph bacterial balance in crustaceans

Rui-Geng Niu1, Cheng-Ming Yin1, Jia-Jun Mai2

  • 1Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China.

Developmental and Comparative Immunology
|May 18, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Oral Vibrio mimicus increases bacteria in crayfish hemolymph. The bacterium

Area of Science:

  • Crustacean aquaculture
  • Aquatic microbiology
  • Animal immunology

Background:

  • Hemolymph microbial homeostasis is vital for crustacean health.
  • Bacterial colonization affects both the gut and hemolymph.
  • Understanding these interactions is crucial for disease prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of Vibrio mimicus on crayfish hemolymph bacterial load.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms of V. mimicus-induced intestinal damage.
  • To identify host factors involved in combating V. mimicus infection.

Main Methods:

  • Oral administration of V. mimicus to crayfish (Procambarus clarkii).
  • Quantification of bacterial load in hemolymph.
  • Analysis of V. mimicus secreted protease StcE (VmStcE) activity.
  • Assessment of peritrophin-44 (PP44) degradation and host gene expression (ITIH4).

Main Results:

  • V. mimicus significantly increased bacterial load in crayfish hemolymph.
  • VmStcE was identified as a key virulence factor, degrading PP44 to breach the intestinal barrier.
  • Crayfish ITIH4 expression increased, and ITIH4 inhibited VmStcE activity.

Conclusions:

  • V. mimicus disrupts crustacean intestinal integrity via VmStcE, leading to hemolymph bacterial proliferation.
  • Host ITIH4 plays a protective role by inhibiting VmStcE.
  • This research offers insights into hemolymph bacterial dysbiosis in crustaceans.
Keywords:
Hemolymph bacteriaITIH4Peritrophic membraneStcEVibrio mimicus

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