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Impact of concurrent temporal but not spatial processing on working memory for serial order.

Lucie Attout1,2, Robin Remouchamps1, Steve Majerus1,2

  • 1Psychology and Neuroscience of Cognition Research Unit, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.

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|May 19, 2025
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Summary

Temporal processing, not spatial, interferes with verbal working memory (WM) for serial order. This suggests temporal codes are crucial for encoding item and sequence information in WM.

Keywords:
Spacedual-tasksserial ordertimeworking memory

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Human Memory

Background:

  • Serial order is a key aspect of verbal working memory (WM).
  • The specific codes (spatial vs. temporal) underlying serial order representation remain unclear.
  • Understanding these codes is crucial for a comprehensive model of WM.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether spatial or temporal codes are primarily involved in representing serial order in verbal WM.
  • To differentiate the roles of spatial and temporal processing in WM encoding.

Main Methods:

  • Participants completed a verbal WM task while performing secondary dot detection tasks.
  • Secondary tasks were designed to selectively interfere with either spatial (dot location) or temporal (dot timing) processing.
  • Two experiments were conducted to assess the impact of these secondary tasks.

Main Results:

  • A significant interference effect was observed when temporal processing was disrupted by the secondary task.
  • No significant interference was found when spatial processing was disrupted.
  • Temporal interference also affected the WM of item information, not just serial order.

Conclusions:

  • Temporal processes play a critical role in the encoding of serial order information within verbal WM.
  • These temporal processes may also be essential for binding item and serial order information.
  • The findings challenge purely spatial models and emphasize the importance of temporal dynamics in WM.