Crosstalk between RNA-binding proteins and non-coding RNAs in tumors: molecular mechanisms, and clinical significance

Area of Science:

• Molecular Biology
• Cancer Biology
• Genetics

Background:

• RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are key regulators of gene expression.
• Both RBPs and ncRNAs play critical roles in tumor development and progression.
• The intricate network and collaborative functions of RBPs and ncRNAs in cancer remain incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a comprehensive review of the roles of RBPs and their associated ncRNAs in tumor biology.
• To explore the mechanisms by which RBPs and ncRNAs influence tumor progression.
• To elucidate the interactive network between RBPs and ncRNAs in various cancer hallmarks.

Main Methods:

• Literature review and synthesis of existing research findings.
• Analysis of the functions of specific RBPs in cancer-related processes (e.g., alternative splicing, m6A modification).
• Examination of the roles of diverse ncRNAs (miRNAs, lncRNAs, circRNAs) in tumorigenesis.

Main Results:

• RBPs are involved in critical cellular processes like alternative splicing, m6A modification, and phase separation in tumors.
• ncRNAs, including microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circRNAs, significantly impact tumor progression.
• The interplay between RBPs and ncRNAs affects metabolic reprogramming, immunity, drug resistance, metastasis, and ferroptosis.

Conclusions:

• Understanding the collaborative functions of RBPs and ncRNAs is essential for comprehending tumorigenesis.
• The RBP-ncRNA network offers promising avenues for developing novel cancer therapeutic strategies.
• Further research into these interactions will deepen insights into cancer mechanisms and treatment possibilities.