Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Exercise and Cardiovascular Response

Exercise and Cardiovascular Response

Exercise significantly impacts cardiovascular response, which is crucial for understanding patient health and designing effective treatment plans.
Light to moderate physical activity initiates a series of interconnected responses in the body. The heart rate modestly increases in anticipation of the workout, followed by widespread vasodilation as oxygen consumption by skeletal muscles increases. This results in decreased peripheral resistance, increased capillary blood flow, and accelerated...

Exercise and Cardiac Output

Exercise and Cardiac Output

Regular physical activity is essential for maintaining cardiovascular health, with aerobic exercises being particularly effective. According to the American Heart Association, 150 minutes of moderate to intense aerobic exercise per week is recommended for a healthy heart. Aerobic activities may include brisk walking, running, bicycling, cross-country skiing, and swimming, ideally performed three to five times per week.
Sustained exercise increases the muscles' oxygen demand, which can be...

Pathophysiology of Cardiac Performance

Pathophysiology of Cardiac Performance

Typical heart performance is influenced by heart rate, rhythm, myocardial contraction, and metabolism or blood flow. The cardiac muscle exhibits distinct electrophysiological features, including pacemaker activity and calcium channel control, which play a vital role in the heart's response to various drugs. The autonomic nervous system, comprising the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches, regulates heart rate. Sympathetic activation increases heart rate, while parasympathetic activation...

Neural Regulation of Blood Pressure

Neural Regulation of Blood Pressure

The neural regulation of blood pressure involves intricate interactions between the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and cardiovascular system, ensuring adequate perfusion of tissues. This regulation primarily occurs through baroreceptor and chemoreceptor reflexes, involving both short-term and long-term mechanisms.
Baroreceptor Reflex
Baroreceptors, located in the carotid sinuses and aortic arch, detect changes in blood pressure. When blood pressure rises, these stretch-sensitive receptors...

Cognitive Development During Adulthood

Cognitive Development During Adulthood

Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Doubly regularized generalized linear models for spatial observations with high-dimensional covariates.

Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series C, Applied statistics·2026

Same author

Intraindividual cognitive variability predicts amyloid beta, tau PET, and dementia conversion in Down syndrome: a potential marker of cognitive resilience.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2026

Same author

Building an Interoperable Rare Disease Multi-omic Resource: The GREGoR Data Model and Dataset.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

Same author

Fitness After Stroke Trial (FAST): Protocol for a Preliminary Efficacy Study of Recumbent Stepper High-Intensity Interval Training.

Artery research·2026

Same author

Covariate-Adjusted Inference for Differential Analysis of High-Dimensional Networks.

Sankhya. Series A. (2008)·2026

Same author

Operationalizing AD Biomarker Return of Research Results: Methods from the KU ADRC.

Biopreservation and biobanking·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 20, 2025

MRI Mapping of Cerebrovascular Reactivity via Gas Inhalation Challenges

MRI Mapping of Cerebrovascular Reactivity via Gas Inhalation Challenges

Published on: December 17, 2014

Age Alters Integrated Cerebrovascular and Cardiovascular Dynamic Responses to Exercise: Insights from a Systems

Sandra A Billinger^1,2,3,4, Eric D Vidoni^1,2, Keshav Motwani⁵

¹Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.

Medrxiv : the Preprint Server for Health Sciences

|May 19, 2025

Summary

Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular systems interact dynamically during exercise. Older adults show slower brain blood flow responses, with carbon dioxide levels significantly influencing middle cerebral artery velocity.

Keywords:

Granger causality blood pressure exercise physiology kinetics middle cerebral artery velocity

More Related Videos

Assessing Cerebral Autoregulation via Oscillatory Lower Body Negative Pressure and Projection Pursuit Regression

Assessing Cerebral Autoregulation via Oscillatory Lower Body Negative Pressure and Projection Pursuit Regression

Published on: December 10, 2014

Surgical Placement of Catheters for Long-term Cardiovascular Exercise Testing in Swine

Surgical Placement of Catheters for Long-term Cardiovascular Exercise Testing in Swine

Published on: February 9, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 20, 2025

MRI Mapping of Cerebrovascular Reactivity via Gas Inhalation Challenges

MRI Mapping of Cerebrovascular Reactivity via Gas Inhalation Challenges

Published on: December 17, 2014

Assessing Cerebral Autoregulation via Oscillatory Lower Body Negative Pressure and Projection Pursuit Regression

Assessing Cerebral Autoregulation via Oscillatory Lower Body Negative Pressure and Projection Pursuit Regression

Published on: December 10, 2014

Surgical Placement of Catheters for Long-term Cardiovascular Exercise Testing in Swine

Surgical Placement of Catheters for Long-term Cardiovascular Exercise Testing in Swine

Published on: February 9, 2016

Area of Science:

Cardiovascular Physiology
Cerebrovascular Regulation
Systems Biology

Background:

Understanding brain blood flow regulation during exercise is crucial.
Age and sex may influence cardiovascular and cerebrovascular responses.
Systems modeling can reveal physiological coupling.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate age- and sex-specific differences in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular kinetics during exercise.
To assess physiological coupling between systems using modeling.
To identify factors influencing brain perfusion during physical activity.

Main Methods:

Recruited adults for moderate-intensity exercise on a recumbent stepper.
Continuously recorded middle cerebral artery blood velocity (MCAv), mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), and end-tidal CO2 (PETCO2).
Analyzed kinetic profiles using mono-exponential modeling, functional data analysis, and Granger causality within a vector autoregression framework.

Main Results:

Older adults exhibited attenuated dynamic responses in MCAv, PETCO2, and HR, with elevated MAP.
Older adults had smaller MCAv amplitude and slower time constants.
Granger causality revealed bidirectional coupling; PETCO2 significantly predicted MCAv, and MCAv influenced MAP and PETCO2.

Conclusions:

Advancing age impairs cerebrovascular dynamic responses during exercise.
PETCO2 is a dominant driver of MCAv, indicating complex feedback regulation.
Systems modeling effectively elucidates integrated physiological networks during exercise.