Segmental Vitiligo: Rapid Spread From a Halo Nevus

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Genetics
• Immunology

Background:

• Vitiligo is a depigmentation disorder with segmental and non-segmental forms.
• Halo nevi are typically associated with non-segmental vitiligo.
• Segmental vitiligo often follows Blaschko's lines and is less linked to autoimmune conditions.

Observation:

• A rare case of a halo nevus transitioning into segmental vitiligo in an adolescent male.
• The depigmentation presented unilaterally, adhering to the midline, consistent with segmental vitiligo.
• The patient exhibited no autoimmune comorbidities.

Findings:

• The depigmentation followed Blaschko's lines, which characteristically do not cross the midline.
• This case highlights an unusual progression from a halo nevus to segmental vitiligo.

Implications:

• Recognizing diverse vitiligo presentations is vital for accurate diagnosis.
• Understanding such rare cases can refine treatment strategies for vitiligo.
• Current treatment guidelines suggest topical calcineurin inhibitors or JAK/STAT inhibitors.