De novo Hepatitis B Virus Infection in a Post-transplant Patient Causing Stage 4 Cirrhosis Necessitating Retransplant

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a common cause of liver cirrhosis worldwide, almost always as a result of HBV infection at birth or a very young age. HBV very rarely causes cirrhosis when contracted as an adult. Notably, the risk of HBV progression to cirrhosis is higher in immunocompromised patients, such as liver transplant patients, although it is still quite rare. We present a liver-transplant patient who acquired a de novo HBV infection and developed HBV-associated cirrhosis requiring retransplantation.