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Updated: May 1, 2026
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Published on: October 27, 2014
Optimization of Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) Frequency and Treatment Duration in Colorectal Cancer Cells
Menglan Liu1, Zhaoran Su1,2, Paul-Philipp Hagemann1
1Molecular Oncology and Immunotherapy, Clinic of General Surgery, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Germany.
Introduction:
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide. Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields), a novel anticancer therapy using intermediate frequency and low-intensity alternating electric fields, has demonstrated efficacy in various cancers, but its application in CRC remains underexplored.
Objective:
To determine the optimal frequency and treatment duration of TTFields therapy for CRC through in vitro experiments.
Methods:
Four human CRC cell lines (2 MSI: HROC110 T1 M7, HROC285 T0 M2; 2 MSS: HROC450, HROC463) were treated using the inovitro TTFields system. Frequencies (100, 200, 300 kHz) and daily exposure durations (16, 20, 24 h/day) were varied. Cell viability was assessed after 72 h using crystal violet staining and spectrophotometry. Data were analyzed using t-tests or ANOVA, with p < 0.05 considered statistically significant.
Results:
TTFields significantly reduced cell viability at all tested frequencies. The 100 kHz frequency yielded the most pronounced effects, especially in MSI cell lines (p < 0.001). Treatment duration of 24 h/day led to the greatest viability reduction across all cell lines (p < 0.01), while 16 h/day and 20 h/day showed comparatively weaker effects.
Conclusion:
Our study demonstrates that TTFields effectively reduce CRC cell viability, supporting their therapeutic potential. Further studies are needed to understand their mechanisms and synergy with existing treatments.
