Crosstalk between kidney and bones: New perspective for modulating osteoporosis

Area of Science:

• Nephrology and Endocrinology
• Skeletal Biology and Disease

Background:

• The skeletal system's health is intrinsically linked to kidney function.
• Key modulators include calcium, phosphate, 1-α-hydroxylase, EPO, klotho, FGF23, BMP-7, and EVs.
• This interplay is evident in CKD-BMD, ROD, and OP.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the pathogenesis, diagnostics, and therapeutics of osteoporosis in the context of kidney-bone interactions.
• To explore advanced methodologies for studying inter-organ crosstalk.
• To lay the groundwork for improved in vitro models and novel therapeutic strategies.

Main Methods:

• Literature review synthesizing molecular biology and clinical data.
• Discussion of innovative techniques like cell co-culture, organ-on-a-chip, single-cell sequencing, and spatial transcriptomics.
• Analysis of factors modulating kidney-bone axis.

Main Results:

• Established the intricate relationship between kidney function and skeletal health.
• Highlighted the roles of specific molecular factors (e.g., FGF23, klotho) in this axis.
• Identified advanced research methodologies for studying inter-organ communication.

Conclusions:

• The kidney-bone axis is a critical area for understanding and treating skeletal disorders.
• Advanced in vitro models are essential for further research.
• Further investigation may lead to new therapeutic avenues for osteoporosis and related conditions.