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Prognostic Nutritional Index Trajectories Predict Kidney Function in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Latent Class
Xinyi Zhou1, Juan Yu2, Ke Shi3
1Department of Nursing, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China.
Annals of Transplantation
|May 20, 2025
Summary
This study identified two prognostic nutritional index (PNI) trajectories in kidney transplant recipients. A high PNI with fast growth predicted better renal allograft function, indicated by lower creatinine levels post-transplant.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Transplantation immunology
- Nutritional science
Background:
- Nutritional status significantly impacts kidney transplant recipient outcomes.
- The prognostic nutritional index (PNI) is a key nutritional marker.
- Understanding PNI dynamics post-transplant is crucial for predicting graft function.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate prognostic nutritional index (PNI) trajectories in kidney transplant recipients.
- To identify distinct PNI patterns using latent class growth modeling (LCGM).
- To assess the predictive value of PNI trajectories on renal allograft function.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 257 kidney transplant recipients.
- Data collected at four time points: pre-surgery, and 1, 6, 12 months post-transplant.
- Latent class growth modeling (LCGM) and multiple linear regression used to analyze PNI and creatinine levels.
Main Results:
- Two PNI trajectories were identified: low PNI slow growth (47.5%) and high PNI fast growth (52.5%).
- The high PNI fast growth group showed significantly lower creatinine levels at 1 year post-transplant.
- Female sex and high PNI fast growth were negative predictors of high creatinine levels.
Conclusions:
- Two distinct PNI trajectories exist in kidney transplant recipients.
- A high PNI with fast growth is associated with better renal allograft function.
- PNI trajectories can serve as a prognostic marker for kidney transplant outcomes.
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