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Related Concept Videos

Introduction to Functional Groups02:08

Introduction to Functional Groups

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Functional groups are group of atoms with specific chemical properties that occur within organic molecules and sometimes denoted as “R”. Functional groups are found along the carbon backbone of macromolecules can form chains or rings of carbon atoms. Functional groups can “functionalize” a compound by enabling it to adopt different physical and chemical properties.  
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Functional groups are groups of atoms with specific chemical properties that occur within organic molecules and are sometimes denoted as “R”. Functional groups can “functionalize” a compound by enabling it to adopt different physical and chemical properties.
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Functional groups are a group of atoms with characteristic properties, which when linked to the carbon skeleton of a molecule, alter the properties of that molecule. For example, certain functional groups will make a molecule hydrophilic, whereas others will make them hydrophobic. These functional groups are an indispensable part of organic chemistry and important components of biological molecules, such as carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Each functional group is a unique...
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All living things are formed mostly of carbon compounds called organic compounds. The category of organic compounds includes both natural and synthetic compounds that contain carbon. Although a single, precise definition has yet to be identified by the chemistry community, most agree that a defining trait of organic molecules is the presence of carbon as the principal element, bonded to hydrogen and other carbon atoms. However, some carbon-containing compounds such as carbonates, cyanides, and...
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Polymers that are made up of identical monomer units are called homopolymers. Only one repeating unit is involved in the construction of the homopolymer structure. For example, as depicted in Figure 1, polypropylene is a homopolymer constituted of propylene monomers. Here, the only repeating unit in the polymer chain is propylene.
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Polymers are classified as linear or branched on the basis of their chain architecture. The polymer chains in linear polymers have a long chain-like structure with minimal to no branching at all. Even if a polymer features large substituent groups on the monomer, which appear as branches to the skeleton, it is not considered a branched polymer. A branched polymer contains secondary polymer chains that arise from the main polymer chain. The branching occurs when the polymer growth shifts from...
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Updated: May 21, 2025

Author Spotlight: Characterizing Porous Materials for Aiding the Development of Robust Metal-Organic Frameworks with Adsorption Behavior
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Introducing Functional Groups Into B←N Organic Frameworks with Permanent Porosity.

Huifang Zhou1, Tiantian Jiang1, Kangjian Fu1

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Summary

Functionalized crystalline organic frameworks (BNOFs) show enhanced ammonia adsorption. This study introduces a new method for creating functional BNOFs with improved stability and recyclability.

Keywords:
B←N organic frameworkCrystalline porous materialsFunctionalizationGas adsorptionMicroporous materials

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Supramolecular Chemistry
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Crystalline organic frameworks incorporating dative B←N and reversible B─O bonds (BNOFs) are of increasing interest due to their desirable properties.
  • Existing research has not extensively explored methods for introducing specific functionalities into BNOFs.
  • The development of functionalized BNOFs is crucial for expanding their application scope.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and synthesize a series of functionalized BNOFs (BNOF-n, n=2-9) using a mixed-monomer assembly strategy.
  • To investigate the impact of functionalization on the properties of BNOFs, particularly their chemical stability, surface area, and regenerability.
  • To evaluate the ammonia (NH3) adsorption capacity of functionalized BNOFs and compare it with non-functionalized counterparts.

Main Methods:

  • A mixed-monomer assembly strategy was employed to synthesize a series of functionalized BNOFs.
  • The synthesized BNOFs were characterized for their structural similarities, functional groups, chemical stability, and surface areas.
  • Ammonia adsorption capacities were measured at 1 bar and 298 K for functionalized (BNOF-5, BNOF-7) and non-functionalized (BNOF-1) materials.

Main Results:

  • A series of functionalized BNOFs (BNOF-n, n=2-9) were successfully synthesized, exhibiting structural similarities but distinct functional groups.
  • The functionalized BNOFs demonstrated excellent chemical stability, high surface areas, and remarkable regenerability.
  • BNOF-5, functionalized with carboxyl groups, exhibited a superior reversible NH3 adsorption capacity (10.0 mmol g⁻¹) compared to BNOF-1 (5.6 mmol g⁻¹) and BNOF-7 (7.9 mmol g⁻¹).
  • Damaged BNOF-5 showed efficient repair and regeneration, highlighting its excellent recyclability.

Conclusions:

  • The study successfully demonstrates the first functionalization methodology for BNOFs, significantly enhancing their properties.
  • Functionalization, particularly with carboxyl groups, dramatically improves the reversible ammonia adsorption capacity of BNOFs.
  • The developed functionalized BNOFs possess excellent stability and recyclability, paving the way for diverse applications in areas like gas storage and separation.