The reciprocal relationship between gait and handgrip strength across different age groups

Area of Science:

• Gerontology and Biomechanics
• Human Movement Science
• Aging and Physical Performance

Background:

• Understanding the interplay between upper and lower limb function is crucial for assessing overall physical performance.
• Age-related changes in neuromuscular function can impact both grip strength and gait dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the reciprocal relationship between grip strength and gait function across different age groups.
• To identify age-specific patterns in physical performance and their underlying mechanisms.

Main Methods:

• 328 participants (19-89 years) were divided into young, middle-aged, and older adult groups.
• Grip strength, spatiotemporal gait parameters, and gait variability were measured.
• Hierarchical moderated and stepwise linear regression analyses were used to examine relationships, with age as a moderator/covariate.

Main Results:

• Grip strength significantly influenced stride length, step length, and walking speed, with the strongest effects in older adults.
• Grip strength did not significantly affect gait variability; age-related neuromuscular changes were the primary drivers.
• Gait performance, particularly the double support phase, predicted grip strength, suggesting a reciprocal relationship, especially in older adults.

Conclusions:

• Gait performance and stability mechanisms differ; grip strength is a potential biomarker for functional ability in older adults.
• Age-specific interventions are recommended: grip and gait stability training for older adults; neuromuscular coordination and flexibility for younger/middle-aged adults.