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Updated: May 22, 2025
In Vitro Culture Strategy for Oocytes from Early Antral Follicle in Cattle
Published on: July 8, 2020
Factors affecting in vitro oocyte maturation in Southern white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum simum)
M P Smuts1,2, P R de Bruin1,3, G T Fosgate1,2
1Department of Production Animal Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, South Africa.
Background:
Population numbers of free-roaming rhinoceros are dwindling while natural breeding in captive populations is challenged by sub-optimal fertility. When natural breeding programmes fail and population numbers continue to decline, the use of assisted reproduction technologies (ART) as a conservation tool to save wildlife species from extinction is imperative. Assisted breeding programmes in rhinoceros are challenging and attempts to develop species-specific ART beyond artificial insemination have been limited. This study evaluates various ex- and in-situ factors that could potentially affect in vitro oocyte maturation (IVM) in the Southern white rhinoceros (SWR).
Objective:
To identify predictors of oocyte maturation following ovum pick-up (OPU) procedures performed on a large number of rhinoceros under different management conditions.
Methods:
Data from 85 OPU procedures between November 2018 and June 2023 were obtained for this study. A total of 23 factors (three animal, four environmental, 16 laboratory) were evaluated as potentially affecting IVM success.
Results:
Of the 85 procedures performed on 59 SWR, a total of 265 oocytes were collected with a median of two oocytes (range 0-18) per OPU. Eighteen (18) of the procedures yielded 0 oocytes. The overall maturation rate was 30% (80/265), and six identified factors had significant univariate associations with maturation outcome, of which three remained in the multivariable model.
Conclusion:
Farming system, season and oocyte density in maturation medium (> 100 ul/oocyte) were independently associated with improved maturation success (p < 0.05).
