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Functionalized liposomes for intranasal levodopa delivery to the brain
Daria S Gordeeva1, Achraf Sym Tameloucht1, Irina I Semina2
1Institute of Pharmacy, Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russian Federation.
Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy
|May 20, 2025
Summary
Functionalized liposomes show promise for intranasal levodopa delivery. Enhanced liposome structure improved nasal mucosa penetration, suggesting potential for Parkinson's disease treatment.
Area of Science:
- Nanotechnology
- Pharmaceutics
- Neuroscience
Background:
- Levodopa is a primary treatment for Parkinson's disease, but its delivery to the brain is challenging.
- Intranasal drug delivery offers a potential alternative route to bypass the blood-brain barrier.
- Liposomes are versatile nanocarriers for drug delivery applications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate functionalized liposomes as carriers for intranasal delivery of levodopa.
- To investigate the effect of functionalization on liposome properties and performance.
- To assess the potential of this delivery system for Parkinson's disease therapy.
Main Methods:
- Conventional and functionalized liposomes (PEGylated or maleimide-PEG) were prepared using the lipid film hydration method.
- Liposome characterization involved dynamic light scattering and 1H-NMR spectroscopy.
- Mucoadhesion, mucous penetration, and levodopa release (Franz diffusion cell) were studied.
- In vivo efficacy was assessed by monitoring dopaminergic transmission inhibition in rats.
Main Results:
- Liposomes exhibited an average diameter of 81-91 nm with a PDI < 0.300 and negative zeta potential.
- Increased polyethylene glycol molecular weight enhanced nasal mucosa penetration to 0.4 mm.
- Levodopa release followed Fickian diffusion kinetics.
- In vivo intranasal levodopa administration inhibited dopaminergic transmission within 1 hour.
Conclusions:
- Functionalized liposomes demonstrate potential as effective intranasal drug carriers.
- The optimized liposome formulation warrants further investigation for levodopa delivery.
- This approach may offer a novel therapeutic strategy for Parkinson's disease.
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