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Related Concept Videos

Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling01:17

Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling

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Coupling interactions are strongest between NMR-active nuclei bonded to each other, where spin information can be transmitted directly through the pair of bonding electrons. While nuclei polarize their electrons to the opposite spins, the bonding electron pair has opposite spins. Configurations with antiparallel nuclear spins are expected to be lower in energy. When coupling makes antiparallel states more favorable, J is considered to have a positive value. The one-bond coupling constant, 1J,...
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Chirality02:25

Chirality

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Chirality is a term that describes the lack of mirror symmetry in an object. In other words, chiral objects cannot be superposed on their mirror images. For example, our feet are chiral, as the mirror image of the left foot, the right foot, cannot be superposed on the left foot.
Chiral objects exhibit a sense of handedness when they interact with another chiral object. For example, our left foot can only fit in the left shoe and not in the right shoe. Achiral objects — objects that have...
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Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)01:22

Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)

1.0K
Vicinal or three-bond coupling is commonly observed between protons attached to adjacent carbons. Here, nuclear spin information is primarily transferred via electron spin interactions between adjacent C‑H bond orbitals. This generally favors the antiparallel arrangement of spins, so 3J values are usually positive.
The extent of coupling depends on the C‑C bond length, the two H‑C‑C angles, any electron-withdrawing substituents, and the dihedral angle between the...
1.0K
Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)01:20

Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)

936
Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
The central atom need not be NMR-active because its electrons are affected by the electron polarization of the spin-active atoms. However, spin information is transmitted less effectively than in one-bond coupling, and 2J values are usually weaker than 1J values. The energy of...
936
Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview01:08

Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview

861
In bromoethane, the three methyl protons are coupled to the two methylene protons that are three bonds away. In accordance with the n+1 rule, the signal from the methyl protons is split into three peaks with 1:2:1 relative intensities. The methylene protons appear as a quartet, with the relative intensities of 1:3:3:1.
Qualitatively, any spin plus-half nucleus polarizes the spins of its electrons to the minus-half state. Consequently, the paired electron in the hydrogen–carbon bond must...
861
Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

8.4K
Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2025

Experimental Methods for Spin- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy Combined with Polarization-Variable Laser
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Modeling Spin-Orbitronics Effects at Interfaces and Chiral Molecules.

Poonam Kumari1, Cyrille Barreteau1, Alexander Smogunov1

  • 1SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette F-91191, France.

Nano Letters
|May 20, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study explores generating orbital angular momentum (OAM) currents in nanoelectronic devices. Researchers found OAM currents can be generated and propagated in copper-oxide interfaces and molecular junctions, with potential for tunable spin-polarization.

Keywords:
CISSchiral molecule junctionsspin-orbitronicsspin/charge conversionwave packets

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Area of Science:

  • Nanoelectronics
  • Quantum Mechanics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Spin-orbitronics is an emerging field utilizing orbital angular momentum (OAM) currents.
  • Understanding OAM generation and propagation is crucial for advanced electronic devices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the generation and propagation of orbital currents in nanoelectronic systems.
  • To explore OAM current phenomena at a copper-oxide interface and in molecular junctions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the electronic wave packets approach for theoretical exploration.
  • Modeled a copper-oxide interface and a carbon chain/chiral molecule junction.

Main Results:

  • Observed enhanced orbital polarization at the Cu/O interface, decaying in bulk copper.
  • Predicted tunable spin-polarized currents in Cu/O tunnel junctions.
  • Demonstrated efficient OAM current generation and long-range propagation in molecular junctions via chiral orbital mixing.

Conclusions:

  • Orbital currents can be effectively generated and controlled in specific nanoelectronic architectures.
  • The findings suggest potential applications in spin-orbitronics and molecular electronics.