Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic Syndrome: a current and urgent concept
Andrea Pio de Abreu1, Luciano Ferreira Drager1,2, Madson Queiroz Almeida3
1Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clínicas, Departamento de Nefrologia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Jornal Brasileiro De Nefrologia
|May 20, 2025
Summary
Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic health involves interconnected factors impacting health outcomes. Addressing social determinants and metabolic staging is crucial for lifelong prevention and equitable care.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Nephrology
- Metabolic Disorders
- Public Health
Background:
- Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) health is defined by complex interactions between cardiovascular, renal, and metabolic systems.
- Dysfunction in these interconnected systems significantly contributes to morbidity and mortality.
- A substantial population segment faces compromised CKM health, disproportionately affecting individuals with adverse social determinants of health.
Purpose of the Study:
- To introduce a comprehensive framework for understanding and managing cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic health.
- To emphasize the importance of metabolic staging and lifelong prevention strategies.
- To advocate for the integration of social determinants of health into CKM care models.
Main Methods:
- Review and synthesis of current scientific literature on CKM interactions.
- Development of a staging system based on metabolic factors.
- Incorporation of social determinants of health into clinical care paradigms.
- Alignment with American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines and recommendations.
Main Results:
- Identification of the multifaceted nature of CKM health and its impact on disease.
- Establishment of metabolic staging as a key component for risk stratification.
- Highlighting the critical role of social determinants in CKM health disparities.
- Proposing an integrated, patient-centered, interdisciplinary approach to CKM care.
Conclusions:
- Effective management of CKM health requires a holistic approach addressing metabolic, cardiovascular, and renal factors.
- Integrating social determinants of health is essential for achieving health equity in CKM care.
- Lifelong prevention strategies, including metabolic staging, are paramount for improving population CKM health.
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