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Investigating inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility in self-limited epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes: an

Yi Shi1, Zhiyun Zhang2, Yanlu Fu1

  • 1Department of Neurology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu 322000 Zhejiang Province, China.

Epilepsy & Behavior : E&B
|May 20, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Children with Self-Limited Epilepsy with Centrotemporal Spikes (SeLECTS) show executive dysfunction, particularly in inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility. Early rehabilitation targeting these skills is crucial for improving their quality of life.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Self-Limited Epilepsy with Centrotemporal Spikes (SeLECTS) is a common childhood epilepsy syndrome.
  • Executive functions, including inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility, are critical for daily functioning.
  • Deficits in executive function are increasingly recognized in pediatric epilepsy populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate domain-specific executive function impairments in children with SeLECTS using high-precision eye-tracking.
  • To systematically assess inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility in pediatric SeLECTS patients.
  • To explore the utility of eye-tracking technology in quantifying executive function subcomponents.

Main Methods:

  • Thirty-six children with SeLECTS and 32 healthy controls (HCs) participated.
  • Participants completed the Wechsler memory assessment (WISC-V) and eye-tracking saccade tasks.
  • Tasks included prosaccade, antisaccade inhibition, and switch-task flexibility assessments.

Main Results:

  • SeLECTS patients exhibited significantly longer reaction times on the antisaccade task compared to HCs.
  • Earlier age of onset in SeLECTS was associated with greater deficits in antisaccade inhibition.
  • Both SeLECTS and HCs showed significant differences in performance on the cognitive flexibility (switching) task.

Conclusions:

  • Eye tracking effectively quantifies executive function subcomponents, aiding in understanding SeLECTS-related dysfunction.
  • Children with SeLECTS demonstrate specific impairments in inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility.
  • Early rehabilitation focusing on inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility is vital for improving outcomes in pediatric SeLECTS.
Abstract

Keywords:
Cognitive flexibilityExecutive functionEye Tracking TechnologyInhibitory controlSelf-limited Epilepsy with Centrotemporal Spikes

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