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Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals aggravated damage on rice plants by brown planthoppers under elevated CO2
Yanhui Wang1, Huirong Mai1, Ruichuan Duan1
1College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
Plant Physiology and Biochemistry : PPB
|May 20, 2025
Summary
Elevated CO2 levels worsen brown planthopper damage to rice by weakening plant defenses and boosting insect feeding. This molecular study reveals how CO2 alters plant and insect physiology, impacting pest control strategies.
Area of Science:
- Plant Science
- Entomology
- Climate Change Biology
Background:
- Rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations impact plant physiology and herbivore interactions.
- Previous research suggests elevated CO2 (eCO2) exacerbates brown planthopper (BPH) damage to rice, but molecular mechanisms remain unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying aggravated BPH damage to rice under eCO2.
- To investigate the effects of eCO2 on rice plant defense mechanisms and BPH feeding behavior.
Main Methods:
- Comparative transcriptome analysis of rice plants and BPHs under ambient CO2 (aCO2) and eCO2.
- Phenotypic analysis of rice plants (nutrient content) and BPHs (nutrient content, feeding behavior).
Main Results:
- eCO2 increased soluble sugars and fatty acids, but decreased total amino acids in rice stems.
- Rice plants showed weakened secondary defense mechanisms against BPH under eCO2.
- BPHs feeding on eCO2-grown rice had increased trehalose, glucose, triglycerides, and decreased protein/amino acids, enhancing energy metabolism and feeding.
- eCO2 led to enhanced piercing and sucking abilities in BPHs.
Conclusions:
- Aggravated BPH damage under eCO2 results from a combination of weakened rice plant defenses and enhanced BPH feeding and nutrient acquisition capabilities.
- Understanding these molecular responses is crucial for developing effective pest management strategies in a changing climate.
