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Related Experiment Videos

Peritoneal permeability in the rat: modulation by microfilament-active agents.

N Alavi, E Lianos, J B Van Liew

    Kidney International
    |February 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary

    Cytochalasins disrupt mesothelial cell structure, increasing peritoneal membrane permeability to molecules like urea and albumin. These effects, particularly from cytochalasin B, were largely reversible, while other cytochalasins showed less reversibility.

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    Area of Science:

    • Physiology
    • Cell Biology
    • Pharmacology

    Background:

    • Peritoneal dialysis relies on the peritoneal membrane's selective permeability.
    • Understanding how substances affect this permeability is crucial for optimizing dialysis.
    • Cytochalasins are known to affect cell structure and function.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the impact of cytochalasins on peritoneal ultrastructure and permeability.
    • To assess the effects of cytochalasin B, D, and E on the transport of molecules with different molecular weights.

    Main Methods:

    • A rat model of peritoneal dialysis was employed.
    • Intraperitoneal administration of cytochalasins B, D, and E.
    • Measurement of peritoneal permeability to urea, inulin, and albumin.

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  • Ultrastructural analysis using scanning electron microscopy.

    • Main Results:

    • Cytochalasin B increased permeability to urea (60%), inulin (30%), and albumin (150%), with largely reversible effects.
    • Cytochalasins D and E caused greater, partially reversible permeability increases.
    • Scanning electron microscopy showed cell surface protuberances (zeiotic knobs) with cytochalasin B, but tight junctions remained largely intact.
    • Increased urea permeability suggests a transcellular route effect, while less affected inulin points to paracellular routes.

    Conclusions:

    • Cytochalasins significantly alter peritoneal membrane permeability, primarily by affecting mesothelial cell surface structure.
    • The differential effects on molecule permeability suggest distinct transport pathways are involved.
    • Cytochalasin B's effects are more reversible than those of cytochalasins D and E.