Photosystem I and ZIF-8 Interfacing: Entrapment and Immobilization

In this study, we explore the interfacing of Photosystem I (PSI) with the metal-organic framework (MOF) ZIF-8 (ZIF = zeolitic imidazolate framework) through encapsulation and surface immobilization methods, aimed at stabilizing PSI through biohybrid composite formation. PSI was successfully encapsulated within ZIF-8 (PSI@ZIF-8) and immobilized on ZIF-8 surfaces (PSI/ZIF-8) using a one-pot synthesis and surface impregnation technique, respectively. Characterization techniques including powder X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy confirmed the formation and first-of-its-kind nanoscale visualization of the PSI/ZIF-8 composites. Spectroscopic analysis revealed that while PSI encapsulation resulted in minor structural changes potentially from scaffolding-induced stress and MOF building blocks, the overall protein integrity was maintained. Our study demonstrates that, in contrast to surface interfacing, ZIF-8 encapsulation provides a protective environment for PSI, enhancing its stability and retaining its functional properties, thereby offering an auspicious approach for the development of biohybrid materials in semi-artificial photosynthesis and other biotechnological applications.