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Correlated errors in quantum computations can be caused by quasiparticle bursts from cosmic rays. This study directly observes muon-induced bursts, separating their impact from gamma rays, and proposes a new detection method.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Science
  • Quantum Computing
  • Experimental Physics

Background:

  • Correlated errors pose a significant threat to quantum error correction and fault-tolerant quantum computation.
  • Superconducting qubit experiments suggest quasiparticle (QP) bursts, triggered by cosmic-ray muons and gamma rays, are a source of these errors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To directly observe and characterize quasiparticle bursts induced by muons.
  • To differentiate the contributions of muons and gamma rays to correlated errors.
  • To investigate the dynamics of QP bursts and the influence of QP trapping.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing charge-parity jumps and bit flips to monitor QP bursts.
  • Employing two muon detectors within a dilution refrigerator to identify muon events.
  • Monitoring simultaneous charge-parity jumps across multiple qubits.

Main Results:

  • Direct observation of QP bursts directly induced by muons, leading to correlated errors.
  • Successful separation of error contributions from muons versus gamma rays.
  • Investigation into QP burst dynamics and the effects of QP trapping on error generation and particle detection.

Conclusions:

  • Muons are a direct cause of QP bursts leading to correlated errors in superconducting qubits.
  • The developed multiqubit charge-parity jump monitoring technique is highly sensitive to QP bursts.
  • This method shows potential for detecting cosmic-ray particles, low-mass dark matter, and far-infrared photons.