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Related Concept Videos

Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction

663
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) predominantly results from atherosclerosis, which involves the accumulation of fatty deposits, or plaques, within the walls of arteries. This causes them to narrow and harden, significantly reducing blood flow. PAD predominantly affects the legs, particularly the arteries supplying the thighs and calves. In rare cases, it may involve other arteries, including those in the arms.Etiology of PAD:The principal cause of PAD is atherosclerosis, which results from fatty...
663
Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation01:21

Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation

773
Clinical manifestationsPeripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) manifests through a range of symptoms, from the characteristic intermittent claudication to atypical presentations and severe complications in advanced stages. Intermittent claudication, a hallmark symptom of PAD, presents as exercise-induced muscle pain that typically resolves within minutes of rest. This pain is reproducible and stems from inadequate blood flow, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid produced during anaerobic...
773
Peripheral Artery Disease III: Interprofessional Care01:27

Peripheral Artery Disease III: Interprofessional Care

659
Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) is characterized by narrowed arteries that diminish blood flow to the extremities. Effective management of PAD requires an interprofessional approach involving various healthcare professionals. The critical aspects of interprofessional care for PAD patients focus on risk factor modification, drug therapy, exercise therapy, nutrition therapy, critical limb ischemia care, and interventional radiology and surgical procedures.The primary treatment goal for PAD...
659
Peripheral Artery Disease IV: Nursing Management01:26

Peripheral Artery Disease IV: Nursing Management

714
 The nursing management of a patient with peripheral artery disease (PAD) begins with a thorough assessment of the patient’s health history and clinical manifestations.AssessmentHealth History: Evaluate the patient’s history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, family history of cardiovascular issues, and lifestyle factors such as dietary patterns, smoking, and physical activity.Physical Examination:Assess the affected extremity for decreased or absent peripheral pulses,...
714
Peripheral Artery Disease V: Postoperative Nursing Management01:23

Peripheral Artery Disease V: Postoperative Nursing Management

637
During the postoperative period, it is crucial to focus on maintaining circulation, identifying and managing potential complications, and planning for discharge.Nursing AssessmentVital signs monitoring: Regularly monitor vital signs, including blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and temperature, to detect early signs of complications such as bleeding and infection.Circulation assessment: Monitor pulses, perform Doppler assessments, and check capillary refill, color, temperature, and...
637

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Updated: May 5, 2026

Computerized Dynamic Posturography for Postural Control Assessment in Patients with Intermittent Claudication
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FGF-23 and Long-term Outcome in Peripheral Artery Disease.

Bernhard Zierfuss1, Marija Bojic2,3, Gerit-Holger Schernthaner1

  • 1Division of Angiology, Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.

Angiology
|May 21, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Fibroblast growth-factor 23 (FGF-23) is linked to increased mortality in peripheral artery disease (PAD) patients. This association persists independently of kidney function, suggesting FGF-23 may harm PAD progression.

Keywords:
FGF-23chronic kidney diseasemortalityperipheral artery disease

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Nephrology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Peripheral artery disease (PAD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are interconnected, contributing to excess mortality.
  • Fibroblast growth-factor 23 (FGF-23) is elevated in CKD and linked to mortality, but its role in PAD is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between FGF-23 levels and mortality in patients with stable PAD.
  • To determine if FGF-23's impact on mortality in PAD is independent of renal function.

Main Methods:

  • Serum FGF-23 levels were measured using ELISA in 298 patients with stable PAD (Fontaine stage I-II).
  • Patients were followed for up to 10 years to assess all-cause mortality.
  • Multivariable Cox regression analysis was used to evaluate associations, adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).

Main Results:

  • FGF-23 levels correlated significantly with metabolic syndrome markers: triglycerides (r=0.25), HDL-C (r=-0.28), and CRP (r=0.14).
  • Higher FGF-23 levels were significantly associated with all-cause mortality in PAD patients (HR 1.35, 95% CI 1.05-1.74).
  • This association remained significant after adjusting for traditional cardiovascular risk factors and eGFR.

Conclusions:

  • FGF-23 is associated with increased all-cause mortality in patients with peripheral artery disease.
  • FGF-23 may exert detrimental effects in PAD patients independent of kidney function.
  • FGF-23 could be a potential therapeutic target for improving outcomes in PAD.