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Related Concept Videos

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Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory condition primarily affecting the colon and rectum. The primary drugs used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis are aminosalicylates. They exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. They modulate inflammatory mediators and inhibit the activity of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Aminosalicylates also reduce inflammation by inhibiting prostaglandin and leukotriene production and decreasing neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide...
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Pharmacological therapies for IBS-C are designed to alleviate abdominal discomfort and enhance bowel function. In patients with IBS-C, fiber supplements may help soften stools and decrease straining, but may also lead to increased gas production and bloating. Osmotic laxatives like milk of magnesia are frequently used to soften stools and increase stool frequency in IBS-C patients. In addition, two drugs approved for use in severe IBS-C adult cases are linaclotide (Linzess) and lubiprostone...
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Surgical interventions for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are essential in managing symptoms and addressing complications. The selection of surgical procedures is contingent upon the specific conditions and complications that stem from these illnesses.
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Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS01:17

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Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is a subtype of IBS characterized primarily by frequent, loose, or watery stools, abdominal pain, and abdominal discomfort. Therapeutic approaches to managing IBS-D include dietary changes, stress management techniques, and pharmaceutical interventions.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2025

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Smart Silk-Based In Situ Sol-Gel Modulates Rectal Microenvironment for Effective Ulcerative Colitis Alleviation.

Perumal Ramesh Kannan1,2, Liuting Chen1,2, Yudie Lv1,2

  • 1Institute of Smart Biomedical Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China.

Advanced Healthcare Materials
|May 21, 2025
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Summary

A novel silk fibroin-based fucoidan gel effectively treats ulcerative colitis (UC) by reducing inflammation, improving gut barrier function, and restoring mucosal integrity in a mouse model.

Keywords:
anti‐inflammatoryfucoidanin situ rectal sol‐gelsilk fibroinulcerative colitis

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Gastroenterology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease linked to colorectal cancer.
  • Current UC treatments focus on inflammation but overlook microenvironmental factors crucial for healing.
  • Impaired mucosal healing and microenvironment dysregulation contribute to treatment failure in UC.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a novel silk fibroin-based fucoidan (SFU) in situ rectal gel for UC treatment.
  • To assess the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and mucosal healing properties of SFU in a preclinical UC model.

Main Methods:

  • Rheological analysis confirmed SFU gel's sol-gel transition under physiological conditions.
  • In vitro assessment of antioxidant activity (DPPH radical scavenging, ROS, NO inhibition).
  • Evaluation of SFU efficacy in a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced UC mouse model, assessing clinical signs, inflammatory markers, macrophage polarization, and gut barrier integrity.

Main Results:

  • SFU gel demonstrated significant antioxidant activity with a 73.3% DPPH radical scavenging rate.
  • SFU treatment alleviated UC symptoms in mice, reducing weight loss and disease activity index (DAI).
  • SFU therapy promoted M2 macrophage polarization, decreased IL-6 and TNF-α, enhanced tight junction proteins (Occludin-1, ZO-1), restored goblet cells and mucin, and prevented fibrosis.

Conclusions:

  • SFU rectal gel is a promising therapeutic agent for ulcerative colitis.
  • SFU exhibits potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, promoting gut mucosal healing and barrier restoration.
  • SFU represents a potential natural therapy for UC, addressing microenvironmental factors for improved treatment outcomes.