Fabrication of non-enzymatic glucose biosensor based on CuS/Ni₃S₄ reinforced microflowers

Diabetes is a prevalent and life-threatening condition that is caused by uncontrolled changes in glucose concentration in the human body; therefore, daily monitoring of blood glucose concentration is a big necessity for almost 500 million diabetic patients worldwide. In this work, a low-cost and eco-friendly non-enzymatic electrochemical glucose biosensor based on copper sulfide (CuS) and nickel sulfide (Ni₃S₄) microstructures has been introduced. CuS Microflowers (MFs) were synthesized using a solvothermal method and reinforced by Ni₃S₄ nanoparticles (NPs) with a simple and one-step hydrothermal procedure. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and chronoamperometry (CA) were employed to evaluate the electrochemical performance of the synthesized non-enzymatic glucose biosensors. Furthermore, the reinforced microflowers (RMFs) based biosensor exhibited an excellent improvement with selectivity toward glucose molecules, an LOD of 2.5 microM, and a great response time of less than 5 s. RMFs based biosensor showed two linear ranges of 0-1 mM and 1-5 mM with sensitivities of 303.85 microA/mM.cm² and 164.85 microA/mM.cm² respectively.