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Eating behavior and methods of complementary feeding introduction: A randomized clinical trial in Brazilian children
Paula Ruffoni Moreira1, Barbara Cristina Ergang2, Leandro Meirelles Nunes3
1Programa de Pós-Graduação em Alimentação, Nutrição e Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Insights
This study found no significant differences in child eating behavior across three complementary feeding methods: Parent-Led Weaning, Baby-Led Introduction to Solids, and a mixed approach. Further research is needed to explore the relationship between feeding practices and eating habits.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Nutrition
- Child Development
- Behavioral Science
Background:
- Early eating experiences, including complementary feeding (CF), significantly shape a child's long-term eating behavior.
- Understanding the impact of different CF methods is crucial for promoting healthy eating habits from infancy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the influence of three distinct complementary feeding (CF) approaches on infant eating behavior.
- To compare Parent-Led Weaning (PLW), Baby-Led Introduction to Solids (BLISS), and a mixed approach.
Main Methods:
- A randomized clinical trial followed 126 mother-infant pairs from 5.5 to 12 months of age.
- Infants were randomized into PLW, BLISS, or a mixed CF group.
- Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ) data were analyzed using ANOVA at 12 months.
Main Results:
- No statistically significant differences were found in any CEBQ scales or subscales across the three CF groups.
- Specific scales analyzed included food responsiveness, emotional eating, enjoyment of food, satiety responsiveness, and food fussiness.
- P-values ranged from 0.051 to 0.972, indicating no significant variations in eating behavior based on the CF method.
Conclusions:
- The chosen complementary feeding method (PLW, BLISS, or mixed) did not appear to influence infant eating behavior at 12 months.
- Further research is warranted to elucidate the complex relationship between complementary feeding strategies and the development of child eating behavior.
Background:
A child's early eating experiences, such as the introduction of complementary foods (CF), are critical points for the development of their eating behavior.
Objective:
This study aims to analyze the impact of different CF approaches on the eating behavior of children.
Methods:
A randomized clinical trial was conducted with mother-infant pairs, followed from 5.5 months to 12 months of age. The sample was randomized into three distinct CF methods: Parent-Led Weaning (PLW), Baby-Led Introduction to Solids (BLISS), or a mixed approach combining both methods. The Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ) was administered online at 12 months, assessing scales such as 'food responsiveness', 'emotional overeating', 'enjoyment of food', 'desire to drink', 'satiety responsiveness', 'slowness in eating', 'food fussiness', 'emotional under-eating', as well as the subscales 'food avoidance' and 'food approach'. ANOVA was used to evaluate differences between the CF methods.
Results:
A total of 126 mother-infant pairs were assessed, distributed as follows: n= 41 in the PLW group, n= 44 in the BLISS group, and n= 41 in the mixed group. The analysis revealed no statistically significant differences across the various eating behavior scales, including 'food responsiveness' (p= 0.412), 'emotional overeating' (p= 0.184), 'enjoyment of food' (p= 0.128), and 'desire to drink' (p= 0.177). Similarly, no significant differences were observed in 'satiety responsiveness' (p= 0.922), 'slowness in eating' (p= 0.294), 'food fussiness' (p= 0.929), 'emotional under-eating' (p= 0.972), 'food avoidance' (p= 0.964), or 'food approach' (p= 0.051) between the different CF groups.
Conclusion:
No differences were observed in the scores of the eating behavior scales and subscales among children who followed different CF approaches. Further studies are needed to investigate the relationship between the CF approach and child eating behavior.
Trial Registration:
Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry (ReBEC): RBR-229scm, registration number U1111-1226-9516. Registered on September 24, 2019.
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