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Attenuated total reflectance (ATR) infrared spectroscopy is a powerful analytical technique used to study the composition of materials. It is widely employed in chemistry, materials science, forensic science, and other fields where sample characterization is required. ATR has several advantages over traditional transmission IR spectroscopy, including the requirement of little to no sample preparation and the ability to analyze a wide range of samples.
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Inverse designed aperiodic multilayer perfect absorbers for mid infrared enable tunability switchability and angular

Masoumeh Nazari1, Yaser M Banad1, Sarah Sharif2

  • 1The School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, 73019, USA.

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We developed tunable graphene perfect absorbers for mid-infrared light. These compact devices offer over 99.9% efficiency and can be electrically switched, advancing optical sensing technology.

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Area of Science:

  • Nanophotonics
  • Materials Science
  • Infrared Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Mid-infrared (3-5 μm) spectrum is crucial for atmospheric transparency and sensing applications.
  • Existing perfect absorbers often lack tunability, scalability, or require complex fabrication.
  • Graphene's unique electronic properties offer potential for tunable optical devices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and demonstrate inverse-designed, aperiodic multilayer graphene-based perfect absorbers for the mid-infrared spectrum.
  • To achieve precise spectral tunability and electrical switchability in these absorbers.
  • To develop a scalable and efficient platform for next-generation optical devices.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a hybrid micro-genetic inverse design algorithm.
  • Employed a fixed material sequence (graphene, PPSU, PbSe, gold substrate) with layer thickness variation for spectral control.
  • Demonstrated electrical tunability by modulating graphene's chemical potential.

Main Results:

  • Achieved >99.9% absorption efficiency in a compact ~2 μm stack using five graphene layers.
  • Demonstrated precise spectral tunability via layer thickness adjustment (0.25 μm steps).
  • Showcased electrical switchability for absorption amplitude control and wavelength redshifting.
  • Maintained >90% absorption at incidence angles up to 52°, indicating broad angular robustness.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed graphene-based absorbers offer significant advantages in size, weight, power, and cost.
  • The inverse design approach enables scalable fabrication of wavelength-specific devices.
  • This work provides a versatile and efficient platform for advanced mid-infrared optical devices and sensing applications.