Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 16, 2026
Fetal Echocardiography and Pulsed-wave Doppler Ultrasound in a Rabbit Model of Intrauterine Growth Restriction
Published on: June 29, 2013
Fetal Cardiac Function in Early Labour and Intrapartum Outcomes: A Prospective Observational Study
Andrea Dall'Asta1, Chiara Melito1, Beatrice Valentini1
1Department of Medicine and Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
Objective:
To assess fetal myocardial deformation in normo-oxygenated foetuses in early labour and its relationship with intrapartum outcomes.
Design:
Single centre prospective study.
Setting:
Referral tertiary maternity unit.
Population:
Uncomplicated singleton term pregnancies in early labour.
Methods:
Two-dimensional (2D) ultrasound clips of the 4-chamber view of the fetal heart were collected in labour and sent to TomTec software for the offline speckle tracking echocardiography analysis. The left (LV) and right ventricular (RV) myocardial (MyoGLS) and endocardial longitudinal (EndoGLS) strain were evaluated.
Main Outcome Measures:
Operative delivery including caesarean or assisted vaginal birth due to suspected intrapartum fetal compromise (IFC) as defined by standard CTG criteria.
Results:
In total, 208 cases were included. Operative delivery due to suspected IFC was recorded in 20 (9.6%) cases and was associated with higher LV ejection fraction (EF) (47.4 + 8.2 vs. 40.9 + 12.9%, p = 0.03) and increased RV MyoGLS (-15.9 + 4.0 vs. -12.5 + 4.3%, p < 0.01) and RV EndoGLS (-17.7 + 4.4 vs. -14.3 + 4.7%, p < 0.01) compared to cases not having operative delivery due to suspected IFC. Maternal age (OR 1.138, 95% CI [1.010-1.281], p = 0.03), baseline fetal heart rate at acquisition (OR 1.068, 95% CI [1.007-1.134], p = 0.03) and RV MyoGLS (OR 0.575, 95% CI [0.366-0.903], p = 0.02) were independently associated with the primary outcome.
Conclusions:
Increased right ventricular myocardial deformation is associated with operative delivery due to suspected IFC, suggesting an early cardiac response to labour-related hypoxia.
