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Ascending aortic rupture by blunt abdominal trauma
Kalogerakos Paris Dimitrios1, Karagkounis Thomas1, Konstantinou John2
1Cardiac Surgery Division, General University Hospital of Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
Asian Cardiovascular & Thoracic Annals
|May 22, 2025
Summary
Severe blunt abdominal trauma can cause traumatic ascending aortic rupture, even without chest injury. This case highlights a rare mechanism involving increased intra-abdominal pressure leading to aortic injury.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Trauma Surgery
- Thoracic Surgery
Background:
- Traumatic ascending aortic rupture is typically linked to blunt chest trauma.
- Aortic injuries can occur through various mechanisms, necessitating a broad understanding of potential causes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To report a rare case of contained ascending aortic rupture caused by severe blunt abdominal trauma.
- To elucidate the potential mechanism of aortic injury secondary to increased intra-abdominal pressure.
Main Methods:
- Case report presentation.
- Review of clinical presentation, imaging, and surgical intervention.
- Discussion of the proposed pathophysiological mechanism.
Main Results:
- A patient without external thoracic trauma sustained a contained aortic rupture distal to the sinotubular junction.
- The injury was attributed to severe blunt abdominal trauma, leading to diaphragmatic rupture and subsequent aortic angulation/rupture.
- The patient successfully underwent urgent aortic repair with a tubular graft without circulatory arrest.
Conclusions:
- Blunt abdominal trauma can be a cause of ascending aortic rupture.
- Increased intra-abdominal pressure is a plausible mechanism for this rare injury pattern.
- Prompt surgical intervention can lead to favorable outcomes in such cases.
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