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Mental Health, Substance Use, and Related Factors Associated with Recent Use of Cannabis for Sleep: A Co-Twin Control
Zoë Panchal1, Joseph Sakai1, Andrea N Goldstein-Piekarski2,3
1Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
Objectives:
To examine: 1) cross-sectional associations between past-month use of cannabis for sleep with mental health, substance use, and related factors in adults and 2) the role of genetic and early environmental factors shared by twins (familial confounds) in explaining significant associations.
Methods:
In a population-based sample of adult twins (n = 3,165, Mage36.7) we ran regression (phenotypic) and multilevel (co-twin control) models examining associations between past-month use of cannabis for sleep without comes of interest. We controlled for cannabis frequency and sleep quality except when each was the outcome of interest.
Results:
Recent use of cannabis for sleep was associated with multiple mental health, substance use, and related factors in phenotypic models. In co-twincontrol models, within-family effects were significant between using cannabis for sleep with more problems from cannabis use, higher cannabis frequency, worse sleep quality, and more frequent use of alcohol and medication for sleep.
Conclusions:
Familial confounds may explain many, but not all, associations between recent use of cannabis for sleep and mental health, substance use, and related factors. Longitudinal work is needed to clarify the directionality of associations not explained by familial confounds, and whether they are risks of using cannabis for sleep.
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