Characterization of Knowledge, Attitudes, Comfort, and Perception of Discrimination Regarding Sexual and/or Gender Minoritized People: Comparison Between Two Cohorts of Medical Students - 2018-2023
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View abstract on PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.Medical students showed improved knowledge of LGBTQIA+ health after a curriculum intervention. However, perceived discrimination in healthcare for LGBTQIA+ individuals remained high, highlighting the need for further training and clinical exposure.
Area Of Science
- Medical Education
- Public Health
- Sociology
Background
- LGBTQIA+ individuals face significant discrimination in healthcare settings.
- Medical education often lacks comprehensive training on the health needs and concerns of sexual and gender minority populations.
- Addressing these gaps is crucial for improving healthcare equity.
Purpose Of The Study
- To evaluate the long-term impact of a seminar on gender identity and sexual orientation in a Portuguese medical curriculum.
- To compare changes in medical students' knowledge, attitudes, comfort, and perception of discrimination against LGBTQIA+ individuals pre- and post-intervention.
- To assess the effectiveness of curriculum changes in preparing future healthcare professionals.
Main Methods
- A cohort study involving 313 medical students from a Portuguese Medical School, assessed in 2018 (pre-intervention) and 2023 (post-intervention).
- Data collection included questionnaires assessing knowledge, attitudes, comfort, and perceived discrimination related to LGBTQIA+ health.
- Analysis considered demographic factors such as age, gender identity, sexual orientation, personal connections to the LGBTQIA+ community, and religiosity.
Main Results
- Overall knowledge regarding LGBTQIA+ health significantly improved, particularly in areas of gender identity (OR=2.0, p=.007), sexual orientation (OR=2.9, p<.001), and mental health (OR=3.2, p<.001).
- Perceived discrimination against homosexual patients remained high, with approximately 60% of students in both cohorts reporting such discrimination.
- Positive shifts were noted in students' overall knowledge, clinical preparedness, comfort levels, and attitudes towards lesbian and gay individuals.
Conclusions
- While medical students' knowledge and comfort in treating LGBTQIA+ patients have improved, the perception of discrimination in healthcare persists.
- The findings underscore the importance of ongoing training and information strategies for medical students.
- Increased personal contact and clinical practice with LGBTQIA+ individuals are vital for reducing discrimination and promoting inclusive healthcare practices.
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