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Related Concept Videos

Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures01:22

Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures

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Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2025

An In Vitro Model of a Parallel-Plate Perfusion System to Study Bacterial Adherence to Graft Tissues
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Infective endocarditis risk scores: a narrative review.

Cindy Sun-Yan Cho1, Kevin Lim1, Ivan Chi-Hin Siu1

  • 1Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China.

Journal of Thoracic Disease
|May 22, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Infective endocarditis risk scores lack generalizability and have unsatisfactory performance. Further research is needed for patients deemed too unstable for surgery.

Keywords:
Infective endocarditisoperative mortalityrisk scoressurgical futility

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Surgical Risk Assessment

Background:

  • Infective endocarditis (IE) presents significant mortality and morbidity.
  • Surgical decision-making in IE is complex due to heterogeneous patients.
  • Existing cardiac surgery risk models lack IE-specific factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the strengths and limitations of current risk scores for infective endocarditis.
  • To analyze the applicability and usefulness of IE-specific risk scores in surgical management.
  • To identify patients who would benefit from interventions.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search in PubMed and OVID databases.
  • Inclusion of articles and abstracts from inception to June 1, 2024.
  • Keywords: "infective endocarditis", "risk score", "surgical futility", "operative mortality".

Main Results:

  • 18 IE-specific risk scores developed since 2007.
  • Scores exhibit low generalizability due to varied patient/disease factors and validation.
  • Discrimination performance in validation cohorts is unsatisfactory; long-term mortality is understudied.

Conclusions:

  • Risk stratification for surgically indicated but untreated IE patients is crucial.
  • This specific patient population is underrepresented in current research.
  • More research is needed to address the needs of these high-risk individuals.