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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2025

Easy Manipulation of Architectures in Protein-based Hydrogels for Cell Culture Applications
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Inorganic Hydrogels can be Flexible and Highly Extensible.

Tongtong Zhou1, Yan Wang2, Jiulong Zhou1

  • 1School of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|May 22, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed flexible inorganic hydrogels using long-chain polyphosphate (LPP) crosslinked with Ni2+ ions. These novel Ni-LPP hydrogels exhibit remarkable extensibility and self-healing properties for advanced material applications.

Keywords:
Ni2+ ionhigh elongationinorganic polymer hydrogelpolyphosphateself‐healing

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Inorganic Chemistry

Background:

  • Inorganic hydrogels offer sustainable material potential but suffer from rigidity and fragility.
  • Developing flexible and robust inorganic materials remains a significant challenge in materials science.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer a novel inorganic polymer hydrogel with enhanced flexibility and mechanical properties.
  • To investigate the role of M2+ ions, particularly Ni2+, in tuning hydrogel network structure and performance.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of inorganic polymer hydrogels by crosslinking long-chain polyphosphate (LPP) with various M2+ ions (Ca2+, Mn2+, Mg2+, Ni2+).
  • Characterization of hydrogel properties, including elongation at break, conductivity, self-healing, and shapeability.
  • Analysis of the interaction mechanism between Ni2+ ions and LPP through hydration shell stability and bonding.

Main Results:

  • Ni2+-crosslinked LPP (Ni-LPP) hydrogels demonstrated ultrahigh elongation at break (≈15,000×) due to indirect Ni2+-phosphate interactions via hydrogen bonds.
  • The Ni2+-phosphate motif was identified as an effective extension enhancement factor applicable to other hydrogel systems.
  • Ni-LPP hydrogels exhibited excellent conductivity (1.06 ± 0.08 S m-1), rapid self-healing (within 30 s), arbitrary shapeability, and nonflammability.

Conclusions:

  • The developed Ni-LPP inorganic hydrogel overcomes the limitations of traditional inorganic gels, offering unprecedented flexibility and functionality.
  • The Ni2+-phosphate interaction provides a new strategy for designing highly extensible and robust inorganic hydrogels.
  • These advanced inorganic hydrogels hold significant promise for applications in flexible electronics, environmental remediation, and beyond.