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Updated: Jul 4, 2026
Combined Near-infrared Fluorescent Imaging and Micro-computed Tomography for Directly Visualizing Cerebral Thromboemboli
Published on: September 25, 2016
Phosphorus Phthalocyanine-Based NIR-II Nanoparticles for Photoacoustic Imaging and Photothermal Therapy of Thrombus
Zhaoyang Liu1, Yufeng Zhu1, Yilan Jin1
1Joint International Research Laboratory of Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, and Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Biomimetic Catalysis, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, P.R. China.
Abstract:
A thrombus blocks blood flow, triggering life-threatening diseases like stroke. While drug therapy is the current main treatment, its bleeding side effects are problematic. Researchers are exploring nondrug thrombolysis methods, and photothermal therapy (PTT) offers a noninvasive approach with its unique benefits. However, PTT is usually not potent enough for complete thrombus eradication due to its low targeting ability. Herein, a targeted theranostic agent (S-PPc@ZnDPA) based on a phosphorus phthalocyanine (S-PPc) molecule was modified with phospholipids to enhance water solubility and loaded with the targeting molecule Zn(II)-bis(dipicolylamine) (ZnDPA). S-PPc@ZnDPA is capable of generating photoacoustic signals under 1064 nm light irradiation and has an efficient photothermal conversion efficiency (59.4%), making it a potential NIR-II absorbing nanoagent for integrated thrombosis diagnosis and treatment, as demonstrated by in vitro and in vivo experiments.
