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Smaller Pancreas Volume in Insulin-Dependent Monogenic Diabetes
Jonathan M Williams1, Melissa A Hilmes2,3, Lisa R Letourneau-Freiberg4
1Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN.
Diabetes
|May 22, 2025
Summary
Type 1 diabetes and monogenic diabetes are linked to smaller pancreas size. Insulin deficiency appears to be a key factor driving this reduction in pancreas volume across various diabetes forms.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Diabetology
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D) exhibit a smaller pancreas, but the underlying cause remains unclear.
- Pancreas volume variations in monogenic diabetes subtypes and their correlation with insulin deficiency severity are not well understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate pancreas volume differences in monogenic diabetes subtypes.
- To explore the relationship between pancreas volume and insulin deficiency severity in T1D and monogenic diabetes.
Main Methods:
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) was utilized to measure pancreas volume.
- Comparison of pancreas volume between diabetic individuals and controls, and across different monogenic diabetes types.
Main Results:
- Individuals with permanent neonatal diabetes due to INS gene mutations (INS-PND) and HNF1B-associated maturity onset diabetes of the young had smaller pancreases compared to non-diabetic individuals.
- Across all monogenic diabetes types studied, patients on insulin replacement therapy showed reduced pancreas volume compared to those not requiring insulin.
Conclusions:
- Insulin deficiency is identified as a significant contributor to reduced pancreas volume.
- These findings suggest a common mechanism affecting pancreas size in T1D, INS-PND, and other monogenic diabetes forms, emphasizing the role of insulin.
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