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Aggression01:47

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Humans engage in aggression when they seek to cause harm or pain to another person. Aggression takes two forms depending on one’s motives: hostile or instrumental. Hostile aggression is motivated by feelings of anger with intent to cause pain; a fight in a bar with a stranger is an example of hostile aggression. In contrast, instrumental aggression is motivated by achieving a goal and does not necessarily involve intent to cause pain (Berkowitz, 1993); a contract killer who murders for...
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Emotion-focused coping refers to a set of strategies aimed at managing the emotional impact of stressors, rather than directly addressing their causes. This approach involves altering one's emotional response to stressful situations to reduce their psychological effects. For example, individuals might talk with a friend or engage in activities like journaling to express their feelings. Such actions can help achieve emotional clarity or release, providing the psychological stability needed...
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Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
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A Just-in-Time Adaptive Intervention (Shift) to Manage Problem Anger After Trauma: Co-Design and Development Study.

Olivia Metcalf1,2, David Forbes2, Lauren M Henry3

  • 1Centre for Digital Transformation of Health, University of Melbourne, 700 Swanston St, Carlton, 3053, Australia, 61 404040817.

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|May 22, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study co-designed "Shift," a digital tool for managing problem anger after trauma. It offers personalized, just-in-time adaptive interventions (JITAI) to support individuals coping with posttraumatic anger.

Keywords:
angerco-designdesigndevelopmentdigital toolfeedbackjust-in-time adaptive interventionmanagemental healthmonitoringmoodparticipatory designpost-traumaticsupporttooltraumauser

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Area of Science:

  • Digital mental health
  • Trauma recovery
  • Anger management

Background:

  • Problem anger is a common yet under-recognized issue following trauma.
  • Digital mental health tools show promise for supporting individuals with posttraumatic anger.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the co-design and development of a just-in-time adaptive intervention (JITAI) for problem anger in trauma survivors.

Main Methods:

  • A participatory design process using the double-diamond framework.
  • Qualitative interviews with trauma-exposed individuals (n=10) to inform design principles.
  • Expert review and user feedback workshops to refine intervention content and prototypes.

Main Results:

  • Key considerations included personalized content, self-led support, and stage-specific anger management.
  • The JITAI, "Shift," incorporates psychoeducation, mood monitoring, cognitive-behavioral skills, and a digital coach.
  • Features like social networking were excluded due to safety and cost concerns.

Conclusions:

  • "Shift" is the first digital mental health tool specifically co-designed with end-users for managing anger after trauma.