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Construction of Vapor Chambers Used to Expose Mice to Alcohol During the Equivalent of all Three Trimesters of Human Development
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Epigenetic assessments of alcohol consumption predict mortality in smokers at risk for lung cancer in the prostate,

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Heavy alcohol consumption significantly increases mortality risk in smokers, even those at risk for lung cancer. Addressing problem drinking during lung cancer screening may improve survival.

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Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Genetics
  • Public Health

Background:

  • DNA methylation at cg05575921 is a biomarker for smoking and lung cancer (LC) risk.
  • Heavy alcohol consumption (HAC) often co-occurs with smoking, but its impact on mortality in LC-risk individuals is unclear.
  • HAC is a major mortality driver and potentially treatable, necessitating investigation in smokers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the relationship between epigenetic biomarkers of smoking (cg05575921) and chronic heavy alcohol consumption (Alcohol T Score, ATS) with all-cause mortality.
  • To determine the independent contribution of HAC to mortality in smokers at risk for LC.
  • To assess if cg05575921 methylation predicts mortality after adjusting for LC occurrence.

Main Methods:

  • Proportional hazards survival analysis was used.
  • A cohort of 92 LC cases and 402 matched controls from the PLCO Screening Trial were analyzed.
  • Epigenetic biomarkers (cg05575921) and ATS were assessed in 494 smokers or former smokers.

Main Results:

  • ATS significantly predicted all-cause mortality in smokers who developed LC (p < 0.03) and those who did not (p < 0.0001).
  • Individuals with lower ATS (<3.6) lived longer (5.6 years for LC patients, 3.2 years for non-LC patients) than those with higher ATS (>3.6).
  • cg05575921 methylation did not predict mortality after adjusting for LC occurrence.

Conclusions:

  • Excessive alcohol consumption is a significant risk factor for all-cause mortality in individuals at risk for lung cancer.
  • Integrating problem drinking assessments into lung cancer screening programs could potentially enhance survival rates.
  • While smoking biomarkers are crucial, alcohol consumption plays a critical, independent role in mortality for this population.