Transformative lactera-polypyrrole@carrageenan microparticles leveraging NIR for skin regeneration and stress relief

Effective wound healing remains a significant challenge in regenerative medicine, particularly in minimizing inflammation and promoting scarless recovery. This study introduces a bioengineered LAC-PPy@Car MF composite, designed to leverage near-infrared (NIR)-induced photothermal therapy alongside biotherapeutics to facilitate tissue regeneration. The composite integrates the photothermal properties of polypyrrole (PPy) with the anti-inflammatory and regenerative potential of Lactera (LAC) and Carrageenan (Car). Upon NIR activation, the composite generates localized mild-hyperthermia, reducing oxidative stress, enhancing Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR) activity, and upregulating heat shock proteins (HSP). These effects synergistically create a bioactive environment conducive to cellular proliferation and tissue repair. Biochemical evaluations demonstrate that LAC-PPy@Car MF effectively reduces oxidative stress, stimulates fibroblast migration, and promotes the proliferation of skin cells. Immunofluorescence staining reveals significant activation of AhR and HSP in treated tissues, correlating with cellular proliferation and improved skin architecture. The NIR-triggered photothermal effect contributes to the therapeutic potential of the composite, ensuring precise and minimally invasive treatment for burn injuries. These findings position phototherapeutic LAC-PPy@Car MF as a promising candidate for advanced wound healing applications. Its dual functionality, combining photothermal therapy with bioactive healing properties, offers a transformative approach to regenerative medicine, paving the way for improved clinical outcomes in wound care.