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Related Concept Videos

Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction01:27

Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction

52
IntroductionThe mitral valve, one of the heart's four valves, regulates blood flow. These valves have flaps that open and close to direct blood properly through the heart and body. During each heartbeat, the flaps open for blood to pass through and seal shut to prevent backflow. Specifically, the mitral valve opens to allow blood flow from the heart's upper left chamber to the lower left chamber. It then closes securely as the lower left chamber contracts to pump blood to the body, preventing...
52
Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction01:22

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction

53
Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...
53
Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction01:20

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction

67
Mitral regurgitation is characterized by the backward circulation of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole, a phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers. This abnormal flow occurs primarily due to the dysfunction of the mitral valve or its supporting structures, which include the mitral leaflets, chordae tendineae, annulus, and papillary muscles.Etiology and Mechanisms:Primary Mitral Regurgitation: This type arises from...
67
Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management01:26

Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management

31
Mitral stenosis, a condition marked by the narrowing of the mitral valve, necessitates an integrated approach for effective management. This approach includes preventative measures, medical therapy, and surgical interventions to reduce symptoms and prevent complications.PreventionPrevention of mitral stenosis primarily focuses on reducing the incidence of bacterial infections, particularly streptococcal infections, which can lead to rheumatic fever and subsequent valvular damage. Timely...
31
Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management

36
Mitral regurgitation (MR) is characterized by retrograde blood circulation from the left ventricle into the left atrium due to inadequate mitral valve closure. The severity of the condition, symptoms, and underlying cause determine treatment strategies.Monitoring and Pharmacological TreatmentPatients with mild to moderate MR typically do not need immediate intervention but regular monitoring to assess progression and guide treatment. Patients with mild MR should have an echocardiogram every 3-5...
36
Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management01:22

Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management

49
IntroductionA range of clinical features characterizes Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP), but it is important to note that many individuals with MVP are asymptomatic and may remain so throughout their lives. For those who do exhibit symptoms, the following are the key clinical features:Palpitations: This is a common symptom where individuals feel an irregular or rapid heartbeat. Palpitations in MVP are often due to arrhythmias such as premature ventricular contractions or supraventricular...
49

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 20, 2025

A Simplified Stepwise Approach to Echo Guidance during Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair
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A Simplified Stepwise Approach to Echo Guidance during Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair

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Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Modification During Robotic Mitral Valve Repair.

Didier F Loulmet1, Ali Hage1, Katherine G Phillips1

  • 1Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York.

The Annals of Thoracic Surgery
|May 22, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Left ventricular outflow tract modification effectively prevents systolic anterior motion after robotic mitral valve repair. This technique minimizes morbidity and avoids revision surgery in high-risk patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Surgery
  • Cardiac Echocardiography
  • Minimally Invasive Cardiac Surgery

Background:

  • Earlier mitral valve (MV) regurgitation intervention may increase systolic anterior motion (SAM) risk.
  • Left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) modification is explored to mitigate this risk.
  • Totally endoscopic robotic MV repairs (TERMVRs) are increasingly performed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the efficacy of LVOT modification in preventing postoperative SAM.
  • To evaluate the safety and outcomes of LVOT modification during TERMVRs.
  • To identify patients at increased risk for SAM.

Main Methods:

  • 800 TERMVRs were analyzed from January 2019 to May 2024.
  • Prebypass echocardiography assessed SAM risk (low, moderate, high).
  • LVOT modification included ventricular septal bulge (VSB) myectomy or septal myocardial trabeculation (SMT) resection.

Main Results:

  • 190 patients (23.8%) had increased SAM risk.
  • LVOT modification was performed in 73.2% of high-risk patients.
  • No intraoperative MV repair revisions for SAM were needed; one transient SAM event occurred.

Conclusions:

  • A significant proportion of MV repair patients face elevated postoperative SAM risk.
  • LVOT modification during TERMVRs is safe and effective.
  • This strategy prevents SAM-related MV repair revisions.