Artificial Intelligence and Musculoskeletal Surgical Applications.

Area of Science:

• Orthopedic Surgery
• Medical Artificial Intelligence
• Surgical Technology

Background:

• Artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing orthopedic surgery, impacting pre-, intra-, and postoperative phases.
• AI excels at processing complex medical imaging, offering real-time surgical guidance, and analyzing data for outcome prediction.
• Emerging AI applications include large language models and agentic systems for documentation, patient education, and decision support.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the current applications of AI in orthopedic surgery.
• To examine the technological advancements and clinical impact of AI in orthopedics.
• To discuss the future trajectory of AI in orthopedic care.

Main Methods:

• Review of current literature on AI applications in orthopedic surgery.
• Analysis of studies demonstrating AI's impact on surgical precision, efficiency, and patient outcomes.
• Examination of AI's role in expanding beyond surgical procedures to clinical support.

Main Results:

• AI-assisted orthopedic procedures show higher accuracy and improved functional outcomes.
• AI contributes to reduced operative times and fewer complications in orthopedic surgery.
• AI technologies augment, rather than replace, surgeon expertise, enhancing patient care.

Conclusions:

• Successful AI implementation in orthopedics necessitates rigorous validation, regulatory compliance, and healthcare system integration.
• Balancing innovation with patient safety is crucial for advancing AI in orthopedic surgery.
• AI promises more personalized, efficient, and equitable healthcare delivery in orthopedics, supporting human clinical judgment.