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Proteins are chains of amino acids linked together by peptide bonds. Upon synthesis, a protein folds into a three-dimensional conformation, critical to its biological function. Interactions between its constituent amino acids guide protein folding, and hence the protein structure is primarily dependent on its amino acid sequence.
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A peptide bond covalently attaches amino acids through a dehydration reaction. One amino acid's carboxyl group and another amino acid's amino group combine, releasing a water molecule. The resulting bond is the peptide bond. The products that such linkages form are peptides. As more amino acids join this growing chain, the resulting chain is a polypeptide. Each polypeptide has a free amino group at one end. This end has the N-terminal, or the amino-terminal, and the other end has a free...
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HFGuidedDesign: <i>de novo</i> design of cyclic peptide binders <i>via</i> structure-guided discrete diffusion.

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EZPro-Multi: Contrastive Learning-Enhanced Multi-property Prediction for Enzyme Engineering.

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Protein WISDOM: A Workbench for In silico De novo Design of BioMolecules
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HighPlay: Cyclic Peptide Sequence Design Based on Reinforcement Learning and Protein Structure Prediction.

Huitian Lin1, Cheng Zhu1, Tianfeng Shang2

  • 1College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.

Journal of Medicinal Chemistry
|May 23, 2025
PubMed
Summary

HighPlay, a novel AI approach, designs cyclic peptides for therapeutics by optimizing sequences and binding sites using reinforcement learning and structural prediction. This method accelerates drug discovery, showing promising binding affinity in simulations and experiments.

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Area of Science:

  • Computational chemistry and drug discovery
  • Artificial intelligence in molecular design
  • Peptide therapeutics

Background:

  • Cyclic peptides offer structural diversity and biocompatibility, making them promising therapeutic agents.
  • Current design methods are often experimental, costly, and time-consuming, limiting molecular diversity.
  • AI-assisted methods still face challenges in efficiency and scope.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce HighPlay, an integrated approach for designing cyclic peptide sequences.
  • To achieve synergistic optimization of cyclic peptide sequences and their binding sites.
  • To dynamically explore sequence space without predefined target information.

Main Methods:

  • Integration of reinforcement learning (Monte Carlo Tree Search) with the HighFold structural prediction model.
  • Design of cyclic peptide sequences based solely on target protein sequence information.
  • Screening and verification using molecular dynamics simulations.

Main Results:

  • Successful application of HighPlay to design cyclic peptides for three distinct protein targets.
  • Demonstrated good binding affinity for designed cyclic peptides via simulations.
  • Experimental validation confirmed micromolar-level affinity for TEAD4-targeting cyclic peptides.

Conclusions:

  • HighPlay offers an efficient, AI-driven method for de novo cyclic peptide design.
  • The approach enables synergistic optimization of peptide sequences and binding sites.
  • Validated cyclic peptides show therapeutic potential, particularly for targets like TEAD4.