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Rodent Model of Masseter Volumetric Muscle Loss for Studying Bioengineering Materials
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Masticatory Movement With Whey Peptide Supplementation Inhibits the Decrease of Masseter Weight in Protein

Tomohiro Kagawa1, Ippei Yamaoka1

  • 1Medical Foods Research Institute, OS-1 Division, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Factory, Inc., Tokushima, Japan.

Journal of Oral Rehabilitation
|May 23, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Combining mastication with whey peptide intake effectively inhibited masseter muscle atrophy in rats. This suggests a novel therapeutic approach for maintaining oral function and muscle health.

Keywords:
Unc‐51‐like kinase 1autophagyfrailtymalnutritionmasticationwhey

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Muscle Physiology
  • Nutrition Science

Background:

  • Mastication is crucial for oral function, but its role in preventing masseter muscle atrophy alongside protein intake remains unclear.
  • Investigating masseter muscle atrophy mechanisms is vital for understanding and maintaining oral health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying masseter atrophy inhibition.
  • To evaluate the combined effects of mastication and protein intake on masseter muscle atrophy in a rat model.

Main Methods:

  • Male Wistar rats were fed normal (20%) or low (2.5%) protein diets (solid or powdered) for 3 weeks.
  • Groups received either whey peptide or sugar solutions.
  • Masseter muscles and blood were collected for analysis.

Main Results:

  • Low protein intake reduced masseter weight; this effect was most significantly inhibited by a solid diet and whey peptide administration.
  • Whey peptide and solid diet increased the expression of ULK1 (Unc-51-like kinase 1) and phosphorylated ULK1 (Ser757), proteins linked to protein degradation.
  • These findings suggest a molecular mechanism involving the regulation of autophagy.

Conclusions:

  • Mastication combined with whey peptide administration mitigated masseter muscle atrophy in protein-malnourished rats.
  • The study indicates that controlling autophagy is a key molecular mechanism in preventing masseter muscle atrophy.
  • This research provides insights into nutritional and mechanical strategies for preserving oral muscle function.