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Cerium-alloyed dendrite-inhibited highly stable anodes for all-solid-state lithium batteries.

Xiaomeng Shi1, Zhichao Zeng1, Chao Li1

  • 1Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Center for Rare Earth and Inorganic Functional Materials, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China. ypdu@nankai.edu.cn.

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Adding rare earth elements like Cerium to lithium-indium anodes effectively suppresses lithium dendrite growth in all-solid-state lithium batteries, enhancing performance and stability.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Battery Technology

Background:

  • All-solid-state lithium (Li) batteries (ASSLBs) are promising for enhanced safety, but suffer from Li dendrite growth, degrading performance.
  • Li-In alloy anodes are used to mitigate dendrites, yet dendrite formation persists, limiting ASSLB cycle life and efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the efficacy of incorporating rare earth (RE) elements, specifically Cerium (Ce), into Li-In alloy anodes for dendrite suppression in ASSLBs.
  • To explore the mechanism by which RE elements improve anode stability and electrochemical performance.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of Li-In-Ce alloy anodes containing micro-sized CeIn3 particles within a Li-In substrate.
  • Electrochemical performance testing of Li-In-Ce anodes in ASSLBs, including cycling stability and dendrite observation.
  • In situ observation of Li plating and dendrite suppression using specialized solid cells.

Main Results:

  • The Li-In-Ce anode demonstrated superior electrochemical properties and enhanced cycling stability (∼750 cycles) compared to the Li-In anode.
  • CeIn3 particles effectively limited Li-In deformation and promoted uniform Li plating, significantly suppressing Li-In dendrite growth.
  • The strategy proved universal for other RE elements (Y, La, Pr, Sm, Yb), with performance linked to RE-In bond strength.

Conclusions:

  • Incorporating RE elements like Ce into Li-In anodes is a viable strategy for suppressing Li dendrites in ASSLBs.
  • The microstructural influence of REIn3 particles is key to achieving even Li plating and improved battery cycling stability.
  • This research provides a pathway for designing advanced, high-performance anodes for next-generation ASSLBs.