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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 20, 2025

Author Spotlight: Innovating Thiol Quantification and Biomarker Detection for Oxidative Stress Research
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Oxidative Stress Modulation and Glutathione System Response During a 10-Day Multi-Stressor Field Training.

Liāna Pļaviņa1,2, Edgars Edelmers3

  • 1Department of Morphology, Rīga Stradiņš University, LV-1010 Riga, Latvia.

Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology
|May 23, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study found that a 10-day military field course, despite intense physical and sleep demands, improved the antioxidant status of cadets. The training enhanced glutathione defenses and reduced oxidative stress markers without causing DNA or muscle damage.

Keywords:
antioxidant systemendurance trainingoxidative stress

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Area of Science:

  • Exercise Physiology
  • Oxidative Stress Research
  • Military Medicine

Background:

  • Military training courses impose significant physical, psycho-emotional, caloric, and sleep-deprivation stressors.
  • Understanding the impact of such multi-stressor environments on oxidative/antioxidative status is crucial for soldier health and performance.
  • Biomarkers of nucleic acid and skeletal muscle damage are key indicators of physiological strain.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effects of a 10-day multi-stressor field-training course on systemic oxidative and antioxidative status.
  • To assess changes in biomarkers of nucleic acid and skeletal muscle damage in trained military cadets.
  • To investigate the adaptive response to prolonged multi-stressor exposure.

Main Methods:

  • Seventy-five healthy military cadets (8 women, 67 men) underwent a 10-day field course with enforced caloric restriction (700-800 kcal/day) and limited sleep (two 20-min naps/24h).
  • Plasma biomarkers including superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH, GSSG), malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), and myoglobin were measured pre- and post-course.
  • Oxidative Stress Index (OSI) was calculated; statistical analyses included Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and Spearman correlations.

Main Results:

  • Significant increases in reduced glutathione (GSH, +175%) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG, +32%) were observed post-training.
  • Concurrently, significant decreases were noted in SOD (-19%), H₂O₂ (-20%), MDA (-50%), 8-OHdG (-23%), and OSI (-47%).
  • Myoglobin levels remained unchanged, and correlations suggested a glutathione-driven adaptive response to oxidative stress.

Conclusions:

  • Ten days of intense, restricted field training induced a favorable redox adaptation in physically prepared cadets.
  • The adaptation was characterized by enhanced glutathione-mediated antioxidant capacity and reduced circulating oxidant concentrations.
  • No evidence of DNA or skeletal muscle damage was found, suggesting prolonged multi-stressor exposure can bolster endogenous antioxidant defenses.