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Updated: Sep 20, 2025

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Exploring Lifestyles and Sensory Processing Patterns of Toddlers in Relation to Sleep Patterns Using Body Movement

Azusa Ono1, Yoshiko Iwatani1, Arika Yoshizaki2

  • 1Department of Child Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.

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|May 23, 2025
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Summary

Toddlers' sleep quality is affected by lifestyle and sensory processing. Habits like media use and activity levels impact sleep latency, while diet and nap timing influence early sleep movements.

Keywords:
body movement during sleepsensory processing patternssleep habitssleep qualitytoddler

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Sleep Science
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • Toddler sleep quality is crucial for development.
  • Understanding factors influencing sleep is essential for intervention.
  • Body movements (BMs) during sleep can indicate sleep disturbances.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between lifestyle habits and sensory processing patterns with sleep quality in toddlers.
  • To analyze body movements (BMs) during early and late sleep stages.
  • To identify specific factors affecting sleep latency and movement during sleep.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study of 58 toddlers (mean age 22.0 ± 2.0 months).
  • Data collected via mobile app for sleep habits and Infant/Toddler Sensory Profile for sensory processing.
  • Actigraphy used to measure body movements (BMs) and sleep latency over 8 days.

Main Results:

  • BMs were lower during the first 3 hours of sleep.
  • Longer sleep latency correlated with media use and pre-bedtime activity.
  • Early nap cessation and substantial breakfast linked to lower early sleep BMs.
  • Auditory and oral sensory scores positively correlated with early sleep BMs.
  • No lifestyle or sensory factors correlated with BMs during the last 3 hours of sleep.

Conclusions:

  • Lifestyle habits and sensory processing significantly impact toddler sleep quality.
  • Establishing appropriate bedtime routines and environments is vital.
  • Further research needed on factors affecting later sleep stages.