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Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency in Children and the Relationship of Vitamin D Levels With Allergic and

Hilal Koyuncu, Ayşe Tolunay Oflu, Aysun Soyugüzel

    Journal of Pediatric Health Care : Official Publication of National Association of Pediatric Nurse Associates & Practitioners
    |May 23, 2025
    PubMed

    Insights

    Vitamin D deficiency is common in children, especially girls and adolescents. Risk factors include female sex, adolescence, and spring season, with lower levels seen in obese and rheumatic disease groups.

    Area of Science:

    • Pediatrics
    • Endocrinology
    • Nutritional Science

    Background:

    • Vitamin D deficiency is a growing concern in pediatric populations.
    • Understanding prevalence and risk factors is crucial for public health initiatives.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • Determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in children.
    • Compare vitamin D levels between healthy children and those with various health conditions.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective analysis of 3,532 children's vitamin D levels (25-OH vitamin D).
    • Data collected between June 2022 and June 2023.
    • Analysis by age, sex, season, reason for admission, and diagnosis.

    Main Results:

    • Mean vitamin D level was 23 ± 12.5 ng/mL; 28.4% insufficient, 18.2% deficient.
    • Highest risk factors for deficiency: female sex, adolescent age, spring season (p < .000).
    • Lowest vitamin D levels observed in children with obesity (16.1 ng/mL) and rheumatic diseases (18.1 ng/mL).

    Conclusions:

    • Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent in children, with significant risk factors identified.
    • Targeted screening may be beneficial for children with allergies, rheumatic diseases, or recurrent infections.
    • Consider extending vitamin D prophylaxis to obese children and adolescents.
    Abstract

    Keywords:
    Childrenadolescentobesityrheumatic diseasesvitamin D deficiency

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