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Related Concept Videos

Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations01:24

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Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) progressively impairs multiple body systems due to the accumulation of uremic toxins, which disrupt cellular functions across various organs.Neurologic symptomsNeurologic symptoms often arise early in CKD, as uremic toxin buildup drives changes in cognitive and motor functions. Patients frequently experience fatigue, headache, confusion, difficulty concentrating, and, in severe cases, seizures. Peripheral neuropathy commonly manifests as burning sensations in the...
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Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction01:25

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Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) arises when the kidneys progressively lose their ability to function, ultimately leading to end-stage renal disease. At this advanced stage, the kidneys can no longer filter waste or maintain essential body functions, requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) through dialysis or a kidney transplant for survival.Early-stage chronic kidney disease and detection challengesIn CKD's early stages, symptoms often remain absent because healthy nephrons compensate for...
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Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care01:28

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires collaborative and comprehensive management. CKD progresses through stages and can lead to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) if untreated. Interprofessional collaboration and patient education are crucial, enabling patients to manage their health and improve their quality of life.Diagnostic approach for chronic kidney diseaseThe diagnosis of CKD primarily focuses on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which assesses kidney function by measuring how well...
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Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

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Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
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Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) progresses through distinct clinical phases: the oliguric, diuretic, and recovery phases, each marked by unique manifestations and challenges.Oliguric Phase:The oliguric phase is the initial stage of AKI, typically lasting 10 to 14 days. This phase is marked by a significant reduction in urine output, usually less than 400 mL per day, indicating decreased kidney function. Fluid retention is a prominent feature, leading to symptoms such as edema, hypertension, and...
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Chronic Kidney Disease IV: Nursing Management01:18

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Nursing management is essential for preventing complications, maintaining stability, and improving patients' quality of life in chronic kidney disease (CKD). By using a structured approach, nurses help slow CKD progression and support effective patient care​.1. Comprehensive patient assessmentEffective management begins with nurses reviewing the patient’s medical history, and identifying key risk factors like diabetes, hypertension, and nephrotoxic drug use. Nurses assess signs of...
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Chronic Kidney Disease in Common Variable Immunodeficiency: a Multicenter Study.

Chiara De Renzis1, Renato Finco Gambier2, Antonietta Gigante1

  • 1Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

Journal of Clinical Immunology
|May 23, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects over 6% of adults with Common Variable Immunodeficiencies (CVID). Autoimmune cytopenia is a key risk factor for CKD in these patients, highlighting the need for renal function monitoring.

Keywords:
AgingChronic Kidney DiseaseCommon Variable ImmunodeficiencyDysregulationInflammation

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Nephrology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Common Variable Immunodeficiencies (CVID) are primary immunodeficiencies characterized by impaired B-cell differentiation and antibody production.
  • Renal involvement in CVID is infrequently reported and often attributed to infections, inflammation, or treatment side effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in adult CVID patients.
  • To identify clinical, laboratory, and therapeutic factors associated with CKD development in CVID.

Main Methods:

  • A multicenter observational retrospective study involving 367 adult CVID patients from five Italian referral centers.
  • Analysis included patient demographics, comorbidities, infectious and non-infectious manifestations, laboratory data, and treatment regimens.

Main Results:

  • CKD was diagnosed in 6.27% of CVID patients, who were older and had higher rates of hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia.
  • CKD patients exhibited distinct ultrasound abnormalities, a higher frequency of COPD, and lower lymphocyte and B-cell counts.
  • Autoimmune cytopenia was independently associated with CKD in CVID patients, along with a higher neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and use of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis.

Conclusions:

  • The prevalence of CKD in CVID is influenced by aging, comorbidities, immune dysregulation, and inflammation.
  • Regular renal function assessment is recommended for all CVID patients, particularly those with a significant inflammatory burden.