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Developing a regression equation model to predict individual water intake in Holstein growing cattle using
Taizhong Liu1, Jae-Sung Lee1, Jong-Hwan Hyun1
1Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sanhuh College of Life Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Journal of Animal Science
|May 23, 2025
Summary
This study developed a model using reticulorumen temperature from a wireless bolus sensor to predict individual water intake in Holstein cattle. This technology aids in monitoring ruminant health and optimizing hydration management.
Area of Science:
- Animal Science
- Veterinary Medicine
- Agricultural Engineering
Background:
- Accurate monitoring of individual water intake (WI) is crucial for dairy cattle health and productivity.
- Traditional methods for measuring WI can be labor-intensive and may not capture real-time variations.
- Wireless sensor technology offers a potential solution for non-invasive monitoring of physiological parameters related to hydration.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a predictive equation model for individual water intake (WI) in Holstein growing cattle.
- To utilize reticulorumen temperature data, captured by a wireless bolus sensor, to estimate WI.
- To validate the accuracy of the developed model using statistical analysis.
Main Methods:
- 21 Holstein growing heifers were fitted with wireless bolus sensors to record reticulorumen temperature.
- Actual water intake was measured by weighing residual water after timed drinking periods.
- Area Under the Curve (AUC) of reticulorumen temperature changes was calculated and correlated with actual WI.
- Regression analysis was used to develop a predictive equation, with accuracy assessed by Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE).
Main Results:
- An optimal end-temperature point for AUC calculation was determined at a 98% recovery rate, with an R2 of 0.8067.
- No significant differences in reticulorumen temperature changes post-WI were observed between cattle with restricted versus unrestricted feed and space conditions.
- The developed regression equation (forecasted WI = 0.0632 × AUC + 3.8936) showed an R2 of 0.7473 and a MAPE of 26.01% for predicting WI.
- Model validation in study 3 yielded a MAPE of 75.39% for forecasted WI compared to actual WI.
Conclusions:
- Wireless bolus sensors can effectively measure reticulorumen temperature fluctuations associated with water consumption in Holstein growing cattle.
- The developed equation model provides a method for predicting individual water intake, aiding in the monitoring of ruminant health.
- This technology has the potential to improve hydration management strategies in cattle farming.
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