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Genome sequence of a marine threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) from Rabbit Slough in the Cook Inlet.

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A new marine threespine stickleback genome assembly provides a more complete reference for studying vertebrate adaptation. This high-quality genome captures regions lost in freshwater populations, improving evolutionary genomic research.

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary genomics
  • Comparative genomics
  • Population genetics

Background:

  • The threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) is a key model organism for studying adaptation.
  • Repeated marine-to-freshwater transitions offer natural experiments in evolution.
  • Existing freshwater reference genomes may lack crucial ancestral genetic information.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To generate a high-quality genome assembly from a marine threespine stickleback population.
  • To provide a more accurate ancestral reference for studying adaptation.
  • To facilitate comprehensive genomic analyses of threespine stickleback evolution.

Main Methods:

  • Long-read sequencing was employed for genome assembly.
  • Hi-C technology was used to order and orient contigs.
  • The assembly was anchored to chromosomes.

Main Results:

  • A highly continuous marine genome assembly of 454 Mbp was produced.
  • The assembly features an N50 of 1.3 Mbp and an L50 of 95.
  • BUSCO scores exceeded 97%, indicating high completeness.

Conclusions:

  • The marine assembly serves as a superior reference for ancestral stickleback populations.
  • This resource will enhance the study of genomic regions lost during freshwater adaptation.
  • It enables more accurate computational and functional genomic investigations into stickleback evolution.