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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 20, 2025

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Income-Related Inequalities in Vision Difficulty Among US Adults, 1999-2018.

Y U Chen1, Minchul Kim2, Elizabeth A Lundeen1

  • 1From the Division of Diabetes Translation, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (YC, EL, DR, JE, CH, JS), US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.

American Journal of Ophthalmology
|May 23, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Vision difficulty disproportionately affects low-income Americans, with inequalities widening from 1999-2018. Key factors include poverty, insurance status, and race/ethnicity, highlighting disparities in eye care access.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Ophthalmology
  • Health Economics

Background:

  • Vision difficulty is more prevalent in low-income US adults.
  • Understanding socioeconomic disparities in vision is crucial for public health initiatives.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine trends in income-related inequalities in vision difficulty among US adults.
  • To identify factors contributing to these inequalities and their temporal changes.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional and trend study using National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) data (1999-2018).
  • Employed concentration index to measure income-related inequality and decomposition analysis for contributing factors.

Main Results:

  • Vision difficulty was concentrated among lower-income groups, and income-related inequality widened between 1999 and 2018.
  • Poverty-to-income ratio and public health insurance were significant contributors to inequality.
  • Non-White race/ethnicity, lower physical activity, and poverty-to-income ratio explained changes in inequality.

Conclusions:

  • Vision difficulty is significantly more prevalent in low-income populations.
  • Findings underscore socioeconomic disparities in vision health and inform targeted eye care resource allocation.
  • Addressing these disparities can maximize visual potential across the US population.